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MicroRNA in ovarian function

机译:卵巢功能中的MicroRNA

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摘要

The mammalian ovary is a dynamic organ. The coordination of follicle recruitment, selection, and ovulation and the timely development and regression of the corpus luteum are essential for a functional ovary and fertility. Deregulation of any of these processes results in ovarian dysfunction and potential infertility. MicroRNA (miRNA) are short noncoding RNA that regulate developmental processes and time-sensitive functions. The expression of miRNA in the ovary varies with cell type, function, and stage of the estrous cycle. miRNA are involved in the formation of primordial follicles, follicular recruitment and selection, follicular atresia, oocyte-cumulus cell interaction, granulosal cell function, and luteinization. miRNA are differentially expressed in luteal cells at the various stages of the estrous cycle and during maternal recognition of pregnancy, suggesting a role in luteal development, maintenance, and regression. An understanding of the patterns of expression and functions of miRNA in the ovary will lead to novel therapeutics to treat ovarian dysfunction and improve fertility and, potentially, to the development of better contraceptives.
机译:哺乳动物的卵巢是一个动态器官。卵泡募集,选择和排卵的协调以及黄体的及时发育和消退对于功能性卵巢和受精至关重要。任何这些过程的失调都会导致卵巢功能障碍和潜在的不孕症。 MicroRNA(miRNA)是短的非编码RNA,可调节发育过程和对时间敏感的功能。 miRNA在卵巢中的表达随细胞类型,功能和发情周期的阶段而变化。 miRNA参与原始卵泡的形成,卵泡募集和选择,卵泡闭锁,卵母细胞-卵丘细胞相互作用,颗粒细胞功能和黄体化。在发情周期的各个阶段以及在母亲对怀孕的识别过程中,miRNA在黄体细胞中差异表达,提示在黄体发育,维持和消退中发挥作用。对卵巢中miRNA的表达模式和功能的理解的了解将导致治疗卵巢功能障碍和提高生育能力的新疗法,并可能开发出更好的避孕药具。

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