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首页> 外文期刊>Life sciences >Regional difference of glutamate-induced swelling in cultured rat brain astrocytes.
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Regional difference of glutamate-induced swelling in cultured rat brain astrocytes.

机译：谷氨酸诱导的大鼠脑星形胶质细胞肿胀的区域差异。

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摘要

L-Glutamate (glutamate) is an important neurotoxin as well as the major excitatory neurotransmitter. Extracellular glutamate levels are elevated following ischemia, hypoglycemia, and trauma. One consequence of elevated glutamate levels is cell swelling. Such swelling occurs primarily in astroglial cells. We characterized the regional difference in glutamate-induced swelling response of cultured astrocytes from rat cerebral cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum. Glutamate produced dose-dependent astrocytic swelling in both cerebral cortex and hippocampus, showing a maximal effect in 0.5 mM concentration, as measured by 3-O-methyl-D-[1-(3)H]glucose uptake. However, in cerebellum, glutamate did not produce astrocytic swelling. It has been suggested that Na(+)-dependent glutamate uptake is a possible mechanism of glutamate-induced swelling. The Vmax for glutamate uptake into cerebellum astrocytes was significantly lower (6.7 nmol/mg protein/min) than those for cerebral cortex and hippocampus astrocytes (13.0 and 12.0 nmol/mg protein/min, respectively). In three regions, more than 90% of the cultured cells showed glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunoreactivity. Immunoreactivity of GLT, one of the markers of glutamate transporters, which is expressed at low levels in cultured astrocytes, did not show any differences in three regions. However, immunoreactivities of GLAST, the other astroglial glutamate transporter, and aquaporin4 (APQ4), a water transporter, were significantly higher in cerebral cortex and hippocampus than in cerebellum. These results may explain the regional difference of glutamate-induced astrocytic swelling.
机译：L-谷氨酸（谷氨酸）是一种重要的神经毒素，也是主要的兴奋性神经递质。缺血，低血糖和外伤后，细胞外谷氨酸水平升高。谷氨酸水平升高的结果之一是细胞肿胀。这种肿胀主要发生在星形胶质细胞中。我们表征了谷氨酸诱导的来自大鼠大脑皮层，海马和小脑的星形胶质细胞的肿胀反应的区域差异。谷氨酸在大脑皮层和海马均产生剂量依赖性星形细胞的肿胀，如通过3-O-甲基-D- [1-（3）H]葡萄糖摄取所测，在0.5 mM浓度下显示最大作用。然而，在小脑中，谷氨酸不产生星形细胞肿胀。有人建议依赖Na（+）的谷氨酸摄取是谷氨酸诱导肿胀的可能机制。谷氨酸摄取到小脑星形胶质细胞的Vmax（6.7 nmol / mg蛋白质/分钟）显着低于大脑皮层和海马星形胶质细胞的Vmax（分别为13.0和12.0 nmol / mg蛋白质/分钟）。在三个区域中，超过90％的培养细胞显示出神经胶质原纤维酸性蛋白（GFAP）的免疫反应性。谷氨酸转运蛋白的标志物之一的GLT的免疫反应性在培养的星形胶质细胞中低水平表达，在三个区域均未显示任何差异。但是，另一种星形胶质谷氨酸转运蛋白GLAST和水转运蛋白aquaporin4（APQ4）的免疫反应性在大脑皮层和海马中明显高于小脑。这些结果可能解释了谷氨酸诱导的星形细胞膨胀的区域差异。

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