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Spatial and seasonal changes of net plankton and zoobenthos in Lake Tonle Sap, Cambodia

机译：柬埔寨洞里萨湖的净浮游生物和底栖动物的时空变化

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摘要

To clarify spatial and seasonal differences in net plankton and zoobenthos in Lake Tonle Sap, Cambodia, quantitative surveys were carried out at 14 stations in the north and south basins in high- and low-water seasons during 2003-2005. In the phytoplankton communities, a diatom Aulacoseira granulata dominated throughout the lake in the high-water seasons, while blue-green algae, mostly composed of Microcystis, surpassed other algae in the low-water season when the lake water was very turbid and the Secchi disk readings were only a few centimeters. In the low-water seasons, a bloom of floating blue-green algae occurred everywhere, especially prominent in the coastal areas. Protozoans and rotifers dominated the zooplankton communities. In the open-water stations, diversity was higher in high-water seasons in phytoplankton, while it was not significantly different between seasons in zooplankton. Composition of plankton communities in Lake Tonle Sap appears to have changed little since the 1950s, at least in phytoplankton, while the phytoplankton density appears to be higher in the present study. Among the macrozoobenthos, mollusks, oligochaetes and chironomids dominated in density, and mollusks exceeded others in biomass in both basins and seasons. The total densities of macrozobenthos were not high, being fewer than 1,300 m(-2) throughout the stations and seasons. Possible reasons for the low zoobenthos abundance in the lake may include high predation pressures by benthivorous fish or unfavorable unstable and flocculant substrates.
机译：为了弄清柬埔寨洞里萨湖的净浮游生物和底栖动物的空间和季节差异，在2003-2005年期间，在高水位和低水位期间，在北部和南部盆地的14个站点进行了定量调查。在浮游植物群落中，硅藻Aulacoseira granulata在高水位季节在整个湖中占主导地位，而蓝绿色藻类（主要由微囊藻组成）在低水位季节超过了其他藻类，这时湖水非常浑浊且塞奇奇。磁盘读数只有几厘米。在枯水季节，到处都有蓝藻浮游，特别是在沿海地区。原生动物和轮虫在浮游动物群落中占主导地位。在开放水域中，浮游植物在高水位季节的多样性较高，而浮游动物的季节之间的差异则没有显着差异。自1950年代以来，至少在浮游植物中，洞里萨湖的浮游生物群落的组成似乎没有什么变化，而在本研究中浮游植物的密度似乎更高。在大型带足动物中，软体动物，寡足类和轮虫的密度占主导地位，在盆地和季节，软体动物的生物量均超过其他生物。大型底栖动物的总密度不高，在整个监测站和整个季节都小于1,300 m（-2）。湖泊中底栖动物丰度低的可能原因可能包括弯曲鱼类或不利的不稳定和絮凝基质造成的高捕食压力。

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