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首页> 外文期刊>Cell cycle >Mitochondrial hexokinases: guardians of the mitochondria.
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Mitochondrial hexokinases: guardians of the mitochondria.

机译：线粒体己糖激酶：线粒体的守护者。

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There is accumulating evidence that cell survival and energy metabolism are inexorably linked. As a major mediator of both the metabolic and anti-apoptotic effects of growth factors, the serine/threonine kinase Akt (also known as protein kinase B or PKB) is particularly well-suited to coordinate the regulation of these interrelated processes. Recent demonstrations that growth factors and Akt require glucose (Glc) to prevent apoptosis and promote cell survival are compatible with this contention, as is a positive correlation between Akt-regulated mitochondrial hexokinase (mtHK) association and apoptotic resistance. From a phylogenetic perspective, the ability of Akt to regulate cellular energy metabolism apparently preceded the capacity to control cell survival, suggesting an evolutionary basis for the Glc dependent anti-apoptotic effects of Akt. We speculate that, somewhere in the course of evolution, the metabolic regulatory function of Akt evolved into an adaptive sensing system involving mtHK that ensures mitochondrial homeostasis, thereby coupling metabolism to cell survival. We also propose that this "guardian" function of mtHK may be specifically exploited for therapeutic purposes.
机译：越来越多的证据表明细胞存活与能量代谢无可避免地联系在一起。作为生长因子的代谢和抗凋亡作用的主要介质，丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶Akt（也称为蛋白激酶B或PKB）特别适合协调这些相关过程的调控。最近的研究表明，生长因子和Akt需要葡萄糖（Glc）来防止细胞凋亡并促进细胞存活，这与该论点是相容的，Akt调节的线粒体己激酶（mtHK）关联与凋亡抗性之间也呈正相关。从系统发育的角度来看，Akt调节细胞能量代谢的能力显然先于控制细胞存活的能力，这为Akt依赖Glc的抗细胞凋亡作用提供了进化基础。我们推测，在进化过程中的某处，Akt的代谢调节功能演变为涉及mtHK的自适应传感系统，该系统可确保线粒体体内稳态，从而将代谢与细胞存活联系起来。我们还建议可以将mtHK的“监护人”功能专门用于治疗目的。

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