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首页> 外文期刊>Livestock Science >Increasing feed withdrawal and lairage times prior to slaughter decreases the gastrointestinal tract weight but favours the growth of cecal Enterobacteriaceae in pigs
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Increasing feed withdrawal and lairage times prior to slaughter decreases the gastrointestinal tract weight but favours the growth of cecal Enterobacteriaceae in pigs

机译：屠宰前增加采食量和觅食时间可降低胃肠道重量，但有利于猪盲肠肠杆菌科的生长

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摘要

The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of different feed withdrawal and lairage times prior to slaughter on the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) weight and on the fermentation pattern and numbers of Enterobacteriaceae in the cecum of pigs. A total of 72 finishing pigs (6 pens, 12 animals each) were included in the study and were sent to the slaughterhouse on three consecutive days. On each day pigs from two pens were deprived of feed for either 2 or 12 h before leaving the farm. Pigs from each of the two pens were divided in sub-groups (4 pigs each) on the moment of loading onto the truck and followed the same distribution at the slaughterhouse. Once there, each sub-group corresponding to the same feed withdrawal time was held in different holding pens for 0, 5 or 10 h before slaughter. The weight of the gastro-intestinal tract (GIT) was determined and cecal content was collected to evaluate pH, short chain fatty acids (SCFA) and ammonia (NH) concentrations as well as lactobacilli and Enterobacteriaceae numbers. Total GIT weight decreased as feed withdrawal (P <0.0001) and lairage time (P <0.001) increased within a range between 6.69 and 4.59 kg. Cecal pH increased with feed withdrawal (P <0.0001) and lairage time (P =0.0001) (ranging from 5.79 to 6.79) in parallel to a decrease in the total SCFA concentration (P <0.005) (from 211 to 100 mM). The percentages of acetic and propionic acid were not modified by the experimental treatments but significant decreases were registered in the percentage of butyric acid with the increased times of both withdrawal (P <0.0001) and lairage (P <0.005). The percentage of valeric and branched SCFA and also NH concentration showed an increase with withdrawal (P <0.005, P <0.0001 and P <0.005 respectively) and lairage (P <0.005, P <0.0001 and P <0.001 respectively). Lactobacilli numbers decreased as lairage time increased (from 9.97 to 8.63 log 16S rRNA gene copies/g FM; P <0.05) and Enterobacteriaceae numbers increased with both, feed withdrawal (P <0.05) and lairage (P <0.05) (ranging from 8.53 to 9.95 log 16S rRNA gene copies/g FM). The previous to slaughter increase in feed withdrawal and lairage times decreased the GIT weight but involved changes in the gut microbial ecosystem caused through changes in the fermentation pattern that lead to the increase of Enterobacteriaceae numbers. This increase could represent a higher risk of carcass contamination by the enteropathogens of this group such as Salmonella. However this potential risk should be further investigated.
机译：这项研究的目的是评估屠宰前不同的进食量和进食时间对胃肠道重量（GIT）以及猪盲肠肠杆菌科细菌的发酵模式和数量的影响。总共72头肥育猪（6头，每只12只动物）被包括在研究中，并连续三天被送到屠宰场。每天在离开农场之前，用两只猪圈的猪剥夺饲料2或12 h。在装载到卡车上的那一刻，将两只钢笔中的每头的猪分为亚组（每头4头猪），并在屠宰场进行同样的分配。一旦到达那里，在屠宰前，将对应于相同饲料撤回时间的每个亚组在不同的饲养栏中保持0、5或10小时。确定胃肠道（GIT）的重量，并收集盲肠含量以评估pH，短链脂肪酸（SCFA）和氨（NH）的浓度以及乳杆菌和肠杆菌科的数量。随着饲料的撤回（P <0.0001）和觅食时间（P <0.001）在6.69至4.59 kg范围内增加，总GIT重量降低。盲肠的pH值随着饲料的撤回（P <0.0001）和饲养时间（P = 0.0001）（从5.79到6.79）的增加而增加，而总SCFA浓度的降低（P <0.005）（从211到100 mM）。乙酸和丙酸的百分比未通过实验处理进行修饰，但是丁酸的百分比显着下降，而撤离时间（P <0.0001）和清水时间（P <0.005）均增加。缬草和支链SCFA的百分比以及NH的浓度均随着撤药（分别为P <0.005，P <0.0001和P <0.005）和爬升（P <0.005，P <0.0001和P <0.001）而增加。乳杆菌数目随着回巢时间的增加而减少（从9.97增至8.63 log 16S rRNA基因拷贝/ g FM; P <0.05），肠杆菌科数目均随进食量的增加（P <0.05）和回巢（P <0.05）而增加（范围从8.53至9.95 log 16S rRNA基因拷贝数/ g FM）。屠宰前饲料采食量的增加和饲养时间的减少降低了GIT的重量，但涉及肠道微生物生态系统的变化，这是由于发酵模式的变化导致肠杆菌科数量的增加而引起的。这种增加可能代表较高的of体被沙门氏菌等肠道病原体污染的风险。但是，应该进一步调查这种潜在风险。

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