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The role of mTOR signaling pathway in spinal cord injury

机译：mTOR信号通路在脊髓损伤中的作用

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The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway plays an important role in multiple cellular functions, such as cell metabolism, proliferation and survival. Many previous studies have shown that mTOR regulates both neuroprotective and neuroregenerative functions in trauma and various diseases in the central nervous system (CNS). Recently, we reported that inhibition of mTOR using rapamycin reduces neural tissue damage and locomotor impairment after spinal cord injury (SCI) in mice. Our results demonstrated that the administration of rapamycin at four hours after injury significantly increases the activity of autophagy and reduces neuronal loss and cell death in the injured spinal cord. Furthermore, rapamycin-treated mice show significantly better locomotor function in the hindlimbs following SCI than vehicle-treated mice. These findings indicate that the inhibition of mTOR signaling using rapamycin during the acute phase of SCI produces neuroprotective effects and reduces secondary damage at lesion sites. However, the role of mTOR signaling in injured spinal cords has not yet been fully elucidated. Various functions are regulated by mTOR signaling in the CNS, and multiple pathophysiological processes occur following SCI. Here, we discuss several unresolved issues and review the evidence from related articles regarding the role and mechanisms of the mTOR signaling pathway in neuroprotection and neuroregeneration after SCI.
机译：雷帕霉素（mTOR）信号转导途径的哺乳动物靶标在多种细胞功能（例如细胞代谢，增殖和存活）中起重要作用。以前的许多研究表明，mTOR在创伤和中枢神经系统（CNS）的各种疾病中调节神经保护和神经再生功能。最近，我们报道了雷帕霉素对mTOR的抑制作用可降低小鼠脊髓损伤（SCI）后的神经组织损伤和运动损伤。我们的结果表明，在损伤后四小时使用雷帕霉素可显着提高自噬活性，并减少受伤脊髓的神经元丢失和细胞死亡。此外，雷帕霉素治疗的小鼠在SCI后后肢表现出比媒介物治疗的小鼠明显更好的运动功能。这些发现表明，在SCI的急性期使用雷帕霉素抑制mTOR信号传导可产生神经保护作用，并减少病变部位的继发性损伤。然而，尚未完全阐明mTOR信号转导在受损脊髓中的作用。中枢神经系统中的mTOR信号调节各种功能，并且在SCI之后发生多种病理生理过程。在这里，我们讨论了几个未解决的问题，并回顾了相关文章中有关mTOR信号通路在SCI后神经保护和神经再生中的作用和机制的证据。

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