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Molecular imaging of human embryonic stem cells: keeping an eye on differentiation, tumorigenicity and immunogenicity.

机译:人类胚胎干细胞的分子成像:关注分化,致瘤性和免疫原性。

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摘要

Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are capable of differentiation into every cell type of the human being. They are under extensive investigation for their regenerative potential in a variety of debilitating diseases. However, the field of hESC research is still in its infancy, as there are several critical issues that need to be resolved before clinical translation. Two major concerns are the ability of undifferentiated hESCs to form teratomas and the possibility of a provoked immune reaction after transplantation of hESCs into a new host. Therefore, it is imperative to develop noninvasive imaging modalities that allow for longitudinal, repetitive, and quantitative assessment of transplanted cell survival, proliferation, and migration in vivo. Reporter gene-based molecular imaging offers these characteristics and has great potential in the field of stem cell therapy. Moreover, it has recently been shown that reporter gene imaging can be combined with therapeutic strategies. Here, we provide an outlineof the current status of hESC research and discuss the concerns of tumorigenicity and immunogenicity. Furthermore, we describe how molecular imaging can be utilized to follow and resolve these issues.
机译:人类胚胎干细胞(hESCs)能够分化为人类的每种细胞类型。由于它们在各种使人衰弱的疾病中具有再生潜力,因此正在接受广泛的研究。但是,hESC研究领域仍处于起步阶段,因为在临床翻译之前有几个关键问题需要解决。两个主要问题是未分化的hESC形成畸胎瘤的能力以及将hESC移植到新宿主中后引发免疫反应的可能性。因此,当务之急是发展非侵入性成像方式,以纵向,重复和定量评估移植细胞在体内的存活,增殖和迁移。基于报告基因的分子成像具有这些特点,在干细胞治疗领域具有巨大的潜力。而且,最近已经显示,报告基因成像可以与治疗策略结合。在这里,我们概述了hESC研究的现状,并讨论了致癌性和免疫原性的问题。此外,我们描述了如何利用分子成像来跟踪和解决这些问题。

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