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首页> 外文期刊>Biological Theory: integrating development, evolution & cognition >Scholastic Temptations in the Philosophy of Biology
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Scholastic Temptations in the Philosophy of Biology

机译：生物学哲学中的学术诱惑

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Socrates is generally regarded as the father of western philosophy. His student Plato created the Academy. Diogenes (of Sinope, now in Turkey, but really the first, self-proclaimed “cosmopolitan”) is most remembered for living naked and sleeping ina jar (Fig. 1). He lived ascetically, as recommended by Antisthenes, another Socrates student, and abhorred the conventions of knowledge and its relations with power. When Plato was praised for giving Socrates’ definition of man as “featherless bipeds,” Diogenes brought a plucked chicken into the Academy and said, “Behold! I’ve brought you a man”—upon which “with broad, flat nails” was added to the definition. Small wonder that Plato thought of Diogenes as a “Socrates gone mad.”
机译：苏格拉底被普遍认为是西方哲学之父。他的学生柏拉图创建了学院。第欧根尼（现在土耳其的中石化，但实际上是第一个自称“世界主义”的人）因赤裸裸地生活和在罐子里睡觉而闻名（图1）。按照苏格拉底的另一位学生安提塞尼斯的建议，他过着刻苦的生活，并且憎恶知识的惯例及其与权力的关系。当柏拉图因将苏格拉底对人的定义定义为“无羽毛的两足动物”而受到赞扬时，第欧尼根斯将一只拔毛的鸡带入了学院，并说：“看哪！我给您带来了一个男人”，然后在定义中添加了“宽而扁平的指甲”。柏拉图认为第欧根尼斯是“苏格拉底疯了”真是难怪。

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