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首页> 外文期刊>Rehabilitation nursing: the official journal of the Association of Rehabilitation Nurses >Transformative power of technology.
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Transformative power of technology.

机译：技术的变革力量。

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This systematic review aims to summarize the incidence and etiology of diarrheal illness among pilgrims attending the Hajj and Umrah. Gastroenteritis and diarrhea have been potential threats during previous Hajj pilgrimages. The last cases of Hajj related cholera were reported in 1989. Currently, respiratory tract infections account for the majority of health problems during the Hajj. This shift in epidemiology reflects the improvement of sanitary conditions in Saudi Arabia in general, and at religious sites in particular. Nevertheless, gastrointestinal diseases, food-poisoning outbreaks, and diarrhea continue to occur among pilgrims. Available studies about diarrhea among Hajj pilgrims indicate a mean prevalence of 2% with the highest prevalence of 23% among a group of French pilgrims in 2013. There is an obvious lack of information about the etiology of diarrheal disease at the Hajj. Further studies addressing this issue in hospitalized patients as well as prospective cohort studies would be of interest. During the Hajj, hand washing is regularly carried out by pilgrims under a ritual purification, often called ablution. We recommend implementation of effective hand hygiene practices focusing on the regular use of alcohol-based hand rubs, as they require less time than traditional hand washing, act more rapidly, and contribute to sustained improvement in compliance associated with decreased infection rates.
机译：本系统综述旨在总结朝圣者和朝圣者朝圣者腹泻病的发病率和病因。肠胃炎和腹泻是以前朝Ha期间的潜在威胁。 1989年报告了朝Ha相关霍乱的最后一例。目前，朝j期间的呼吸道感染占大多数健康问题。流行病学的这种转变反映了沙特阿拉伯，特别是宗教场所的卫生条件总体上有所改善。然而，朝圣者中继续发生胃肠道疾病，食物中毒暴发和腹泻。朝Ha朝圣者之间的腹泻研究表明，2013年一组法国朝圣者中的平均患病率为2％，最高患病率为23％。朝圣者腹泻病的病因学资料显然缺乏。在住院患者中解决该问题的进一步研究以及前瞻性队列研究将是有意义的。朝j期间，朝圣者通常在仪式性的净化（通常称为沐浴）下洗手。我们建议采取有效的手部卫生习惯，重点是经常使用酒精类洗手液，因为与传统洗手相比，它们所需的时间更少，动作更快，并有助于持续改善与感染率降低相关的依从性。

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