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首页> 外文期刊>Remote Sensing of Environment: An Interdisciplinary Journal >Acquisition of earth science remote sensing observations from commercial sources: lessons learned from the Space Imaging IKONOS example
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Acquisition of earth science remote sensing observations from commercial sources: lessons learned from the Space Imaging IKONOS example

机译：从商业渠道获取地球科学遥感观测资料：从空间成像IKONOS示例中学到的经验教训

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Over the last decade, NASA and other federal agencies have been increasingly encouraged to explore commercial sources of land remote sensing data rather than pursuing government-funded sources of these measurements (prior to U.S. Commercial Executive, 2003. U.S. Commercial Remote Sensing Policy. White House, Washington, DC). The science and applications users have been skeptical of this move to commercial sources of observations both because of uncertainty over the capabilities of the private sector and the unsatisfactory outcomes of previous efforts to commercialize satellite-acquired land remote sensing observations. In an effort to more folly explore the potential of commercial remotely sensed land data sources, the NASA Earth Science Enterprise (ESE) implemented an experimental Scientific Data Purchase (SDP) that solicited bids from the private sector to meet ESE-user data needs. The SDP activity spanned nearly 5 years and supplied many US and international researchers with sources of land remote sensing observations that had not been previously available. The images from the Space Imaging IKONOS system provided a particularly good match to the current ESE missions such as Terra and Landsat 7 and therefore serve as focal point in this analysis. Throughout the SDP process, there have been many lessons learned concerning interactions between US industry, government agencies and the science user community. The specifics of the Space Imaging IKONOS experience under the NASA SDP are most valuable with respect to possible future uses of commercial vendors to supply NASA ESE user needs for space-acquired land observations. Areas where valuable lessons were learned included the technical, scientific, proprietary and management aspects of the interactions. As this activity has evolved, user confidence in the technical and scientific qualities of the IKONOS measurements has increased substantially. There are still areas where further progress could be achieved, with respect to proprietary and management aspects of scientific commercial data buys. To date, the NASA scientific and applications users who have examined the IKONOS imagery have found the data to be of high quality, providing substantial value to their specific pursuits. They have found that the novel attributes of IKONOS, particularly in the spatiotemporal domain have introduced new analysis challenges not previously experienced with EOS sensors such as Landsat and MODIS. The technical qualities of the observations have been substantially improved during the SDP activity as a result of independent validation and verification by the Joint Agency Commercial Imagery Evaluation (JACIE) of the IKONOS observations. The experience gained from the Space Imaging IKONOS SDP activity, suggests that US private sector is technically capable of meeting the needs of NASA ESE science and application users. The future success of such interactions between industry, government and users appears to be far more dependent on the organizational and legal aspects of such arrangements than technical capabilities of the data providers.
机译：在过去的十年中，越来越多地鼓励NASA和其他联邦机构探索陆地遥感数据的商业来源，而不是寻求政府资助的这些度量的来源（美国商业执行官，2003年。美国商业遥感政策。白宫） ， 华盛顿特区）。由于私有部门能力的不确定性以及先前将卫星获取的陆地遥感观测成果商业化的努力结果不令人满意，科学和应用用户对这一转向商业观测来源的做法表示怀疑。为了更愚蠢地探索商业遥感土地数据源的潜力，美国国家航空航天局地球科学企业（ESE）实施了一项实验性科学数据购买（SDP），从私营部门招揽投标书来满足ESE用户数据需求。 SDP活动历时近5年，为许多美国和国际研究人员提供了以前无法获得的陆地遥感观测资料。来自空间成像IKONOS系统的图像与当前的ESE任务（例如Terra和Landsat 7）特别匹配，因此成为此分析的重点。在整个SDP流程中，已经吸取了许多有关美国行业，政府机构与科学用户社区之间互动的经验教训。对于商业供应商未来可能使用供应商满足NASA ESE用户对获得的太空观测的需求而言，NASA SDP下的空间成像IKONOS经验的细节是最有价值的。汲取了宝贵经验的领域包括互动的技术，科学，专有和管理方面。随着这项活动的发展，用户对IKONOS测量技术和科学质量的信心大大提高了。在科学商业数据购买的专有和管理方面，仍有一些领域可以取得进一步的进展。迄今为止，检查IKONOS影像的NASA科学和应用程序用户已经发现该数据具有高质量，为他们的特定追求提供了巨大价值。他们发现，IKONOS的新颖属性，尤其是在时空领域，已经引入了Landsat和MODIS等EOS传感器以前从未遇到过的新分析挑战。由于IKONOS观测的联合机构商业影像评估（JACIE）进行了独立验证和核实，因此在SDP活动期间，观测的技术质量已大大提高。从空间成像IKONOS SDP活动中获得的经验表明，美国私营部门在技术上能够满足NASA ESE科学和应用程序用户的需求。与数据提供者的技术能力相比，行业，政府与用户之间这种交互的未来成功似乎更加取决于这种安排的组织和法律方面。

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