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首页> 外文期刊>Restorative neurology and neuroscience >Cerebral blindness and plasticity of the visual system in children. A review of visual capacities in patients with occipital lesions, hemispherectomy or hydranencephaly.
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Cerebral blindness and plasticity of the visual system in children. A review of visual capacities in patients with occipital lesions, hemispherectomy or hydranencephaly.

机译：儿童视觉系统的大脑失明和可塑性。枕叶病变，半球切除术或泪囊炎患者的视觉能力综述。

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This paper explores whether the child's visual system is more or less vulnerable than the adult's visual system, whether the capacity of the child's visual system to recover from cerebral blindness exceeds the capacity of the adult's, and which brain structures can mediate visual functions after damage to the geniculostriate visual system. Reports about the development of visual functions in normal and in visually-deprived children and about the recovery of visual functions after incomplete damage to the occipital lobe, unilateral hemispherectomy, and in the absence of both cerebral hemispheres in early life, are reviewed. In addition, 2 new cases are reported. A child (patient 1) is described, who was blindfolded, but had normal visual experience for 2 hours daily between the 24 and the 30 months of age. Despite the daily visual experience, there was an elevation of the luminance difference threshold (LDT) in the periphery of the visual field. An adult patient (patient 2) showed a special mode of "blindsight" that may be present in brain damaged children but that cannot be tested in young children. This patient was always able to detect targets correctly only by "feeling" their presence without actually seeing them. After damage to the geniculostriate system, lost visual functions reappeared in more than half of the children during visual-field training. In many children, the enlargement of the visual field exceeded the enlargement that was reported in hemianopic adults during visual-field training. In rare cases, visual targets were reliably detected in both visual hemifields, even after hemispherectomy.
机译：本文探讨了儿童的视觉系统是否比成人的视觉系统更脆弱或更弱小，儿童的视觉系统从大脑失明中恢复的能力是否超过了成年人的能力，以及哪些大脑结构在受损后能够介导视觉功能genic肌视觉系统。回顾了有关正常儿童和弱视儿童的视觉功能发展以及枕叶不完全受损，单侧半球切除术以及早期生活中没有两个大脑半球的情况下视觉功能恢复的报道。另外，报告了2例新病例。描述了一名儿童（患者1），他被蒙住了眼睛，但在24到30个月大之间每天有2个小时的正常视觉体验。尽管有日常的视觉体验，但视野周围的亮度差阈值（LDT）却有所提高。一名成年患者（患者2）表现出一种特殊的“视力障碍”模式，这种模式可能出现在脑部受损的儿童中，但无法在幼儿中进行测试。该患者始终只能通过“感觉”到目标而没有实际看到它们来正确检测目标。在损坏了琴骨硫酸盐系统后，视力训练期间一半以上的儿童再次出现视力丧失。在许多儿童中，视野的扩大超过了在视力训练期间在偏盲成人中报道的视野扩大。在极少数情况下，即使在半球切除术之后，在两个视觉半视野中也可以可靠地检测到视觉目标。

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