Relating Turbulence and Fish Habitat: A New Approach for Management and Research

Smith David L.; Goodwin R. Andrew; Nestler John M.

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Relating Turbulence and Fish Habitat: A New Approach for Management and Research

机译：湍流与鱼类栖息地的关系：一种新的管理和研究方法

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Understanding how fish perceive turbulence characteristics to utilize complex habitats (large wood, rock, channel bedforms, etc.) is a critical, but poorly understood component of aquatic habitat restoration. Many recent studies attempt to relate turbulence characteristics to habitat utilization, but results are inconsistent for two reasons. First, turbulence is a complex, multi-scale manifestation of fluid flow that can be characterized in different ways with different interpretations. Second, fish behavioral response to flow field features is also complex because both acclimation and learning are important. For example, some studies show that turbulence decreases swimming stability, increases energy expenditure for a given swimming speed, and alters feeding behavior, whereas others show turbulence to decrease energy needed to swim at a given speed and correlates with fish abundance. We describe a Turbulence Attraction and Avoidance (TAA) hypothesis to reconcile inconsistent, even seemingly contradictory, findings. The TAA hypothesis creates a new perspective of turbulence, habitat complexity, and fish habitat occupancy by acknowledging that fish, like all animals, perceive their environment at their own relevant scales and in a conditional manner, dependent on their prior exposure history.

机译：了解鱼类如何感知湍流特征以利用复杂的栖息地（大片木材，岩石，河床底物等）是水生栖息地恢复的关键但鲜为人知的组成部分。最近的许多研究试图将湍流特征与栖息地利用联系起来，但是由于两个原因，结果不一致。首先，湍流是流体流动的复杂，多尺度表现，可以用不同的方式用不同的解释来表征。其次，鱼类对流场特征的行为响应也很复杂，因为适应和学习都很重要。例如，一些研究表明，湍流降低了游泳的稳定性，增加了给定游泳速度下的能量消耗，并改变了进食行为，而另一些研究表明，湍流降低了以给定速度游泳所需的能量，并且与鱼类的丰度相关。我们描述了湍流吸引和规避（TAA）假设，以调和不一致甚至看似矛盾的发现。 TAA假设通过承认鱼类（像所有动物一样）根据其先前的接触历史，以自己的相关尺度和有条件地感知其环境，从而为湍流，栖息地复杂性和鱼类栖息地占有率提供了新的视角。

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《Reviews in Fisheries Science & Aquaculture》 |2014年第4期|共8页
作者
Smith David L.; Goodwin R. Andrew; Nestler John M.;
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正文语种 eng
中图分类水产、渔业;
关键词
turbulence; salmonids; habitat; modeling; perception;

机译：湍流;鲑鱼;栖息地;造型;知觉;

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Relating Turbulence and Fish Habitat: A New Approach for Management and Research

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