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首页> 外文期刊>Biological Conservation >The effect of sex-specific terrestrial movements and roads on the sex ratio of freshwater turtles
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The effect of sex-specific terrestrial movements and roads on the sex ratio of freshwater turtles

机译：特定性别的陆运和道路对淡水龟性别比的影响

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Differential road mortality may affect the demography of vertebrate populations when movements associated with foraging, reproduction, or dispersal cause a greater proportion of one sex or stage to frequently contact roads. In the case of turtles, roadsides create artificial disturbed and open habitats that may be attractive to nesting females but may cause significant road mortality. I tested this possibility by comparing the sex ratios of turtle populations in a lake that is bisected by a high-traffic, four-lane highway to those in nearby ponds located away from major roads in northwestern Florida (USA). I evaluated the potential role of road mortality as the cause of skewed sex ratios by determining whether adult female freshwater turtles move overland more frequently than that expected from actual sex ratios and the proportions of turtles of four species that attempt to nest annually along the roadside. Population sex ratios were dramatically biased toward males in the Florida cooter (Pseudemys floridana) (80% males), yellow-bellied slider (Trachemys scripta) (73% males), and common musk turtle (Sternotherus odoratus) (65% males) in the lake adjacent to the highway compared to those in ponds not affected by road mortality, where the proportion of males ranged from 39% to 60%. Despite mate-biased population sex ratios, under normal (non-drought) conditions a significantly greater proportion of adult females (57-72%) than males were found on land along the highway and, thus, have a greater annual probability of being killed by vehicles. An estimated 6-29% of all adult females in four turtle species nested annually along the highway shoulder. If this phenomenon is general for freshwater turtle populations located near roadways, male-biased sex ratios and low numbers of adult female turtles elsewhere may be the result of cumulative differential mortality of nesting females struck by vehicles as they enter the highway during annual nesting forays. Copyright 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：当与觅食，繁殖或散布相关的运动导致较大比例的性别或阶段频繁接触道路时，道路差异死亡率可能会影响脊椎动物的人口统计学。就乌龟而言，路边会造成人为干扰和开放的栖息地，这可能对筑巢雌性很有吸引力，但可能导致严重的道路死亡。我通过比较由高车流量，四车道高速公路一分为二的湖中的乌龟种群的性别比与远离佛罗里达西北部（美国）主要道路的附近池塘中的乌龟种群的性别比，测试了这种可能性。我通过确定成年雌性淡水龟在陆地上移动的频率是否比实际性别比以及每年尝试在路边筑巢的四种种类的海龟的比例预期的移动频率高，来评估道路死亡率是造成性别比偏斜的潜在原因。佛罗里达州的黑猩猩（Pseudemys floridana）（雄性80％），黄腹滑鼠（Trachemys scripta）（雄性73％）和普通麝香龟（Sternotherus odoratus）（雄性65％）的人口性别比明显偏向男性。公路旁的湖泊与不受道路死亡率影响的池塘相比，男性的比例在39％至60％之间。尽管人口性别偏见，在正常（非干旱）条件下，公路沿岸土地上的成年雌性比例（57-72％）比雄性显着更大，因此，每年被杀的可能性更高乘汽车。估计每年有四种海龟物种的成年雌性中有6-29％沿着高速公路的路肩筑巢。如果这种现象普遍存在于靠近道路的淡水龟种群中，则雄性偏性比例和其他地方成年雌性龟的数量较少可能是由于筑巢雌性在年度筑巢期间进入公路时被撞车所造成的累积死亡率差异的结果。版权所有2004 ElsevierLtd。保留所有权利。

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