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Functionalization of nano-graphenes by chimeric peptide engineering

机译：通过嵌合肽工程技术对纳米石墨烯进行功能化

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Here, we report the non-covalent functionalization of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets using chimeric peptides engineered to have a biologically functional sequence, a spacer sequence, and an rGO-binding sequence. As a model peptide with biological activity, the cell-penetrating peptide buforin IIb (Bu) was used. A stretch of seven consecutive phenylalanine residues (7F) was used as the rGO-binding sequence. The various effects of tetraglycine (4G) and tetra-aspartate (4D) as spacers between the biologically active Bu and the rGO-binding 7F sequences were compared. All the chimeric peptides had alpha-helical structures at the carboxyl-terminal sequence, showing a structural similarity to the alpha-helical structure of Bu alone. Free chimeric peptides composed of 7F-Bu, 7F4G-Bu, or 7F4D-Bu in solution exhibited cell-penetrating abilities similar to that of Bu alone. However, following attachment onto rGO nanosheets, the compositions of the chimeric peptides affected the biological activity of Bu. Following modification, the 7F4D-Bu chimeric peptide yielded a higher cellular uptake of the rGO nanosheets than the other chimeric peptides. The levels of cellular uptake of the rGO nanosheets modified with the chimeric peptides were further evaluated by measuring the photothermal effect after near-infrared laser irradiation. The cells treated with 7F4D-Bu-modified rGO showed the greatest increase in temperature upon irradiation, with the temperature reaching 58.3 degrees C. The 7F4D-Bu-modified rGO also exhibited the highest photothermal cell-killing activity upon near-infrared laser irradiation. Our results demonstrate the utility of chimeric peptide engineering for simple and facile one-step non-covalent modification of rGO. The chimeric peptide composed of 7F4D can be further used to tether various functional peptides onto rGO nanosheets.
机译：在这里，我们报告使用工程改造为具有生物学功能序列，间隔区序列和rGO结合序列的嵌合肽对氧化石墨烯（rGO）纳米片进行非共价官能化。作为具有生物活性的模型肽，使用细胞穿透肽buforin IIb（Bu）。将七个连续的苯丙氨酸残基（7F）的一段用作rGO结合序列。比较了四甘氨酸（4G）和天冬氨酸（4D）作为生物活性Bu和结合rGO的7F序列之间的间隔物的各种作用。所有嵌合肽在羧基末端序列均具有α-螺旋结构，显示出与仅Bu的α-螺旋结构的结构相似性。溶液中由7F-Bu，7F4G-Bu或7F4D-Bu组成的游离嵌合肽表现出与单独Bu相似的细胞穿透能力。然而，在附着到rGO纳米片上之后，嵌合肽的组成影响Bu的生物活性。修饰后，7F4D-Bu嵌合肽比其他嵌合肽产生更高的rGO纳米片细胞摄取。通过测量近红外激光照射后的光热效应，进一步评估了用嵌合肽修饰的rGO纳米片的细胞摄取水平。用7F4D-Bu-修饰的rGO处理的细胞在辐照时显示出最大的温度升高，温度达到58.3℃。在近红外激光辐照下，7F4D-Bu-修饰的rGO还表现出最高的光热细胞杀伤活性。我们的结果证明了嵌合肽工程技术可用于rGO的简单便捷的一步非共价修饰。由7F4D组成的嵌合肽可以进一步用于将各种功能性肽束缚到rGO纳米片上。

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