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A H-1 NMR-based metabonomic investigation of time-dependent metabolic trajectories in a high salt-induced hypertension rat model

机译：高盐诱导的高血压大鼠模型中基于H-1 NMR的代谢组学研究时间依赖性代谢轨迹

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High salt-induced hypertension (HT) is an increasingly relevant health issue. However, the molecular mechanism of the metabolic transformation in HT development remains largely unknown. Features of the time-dependent metabolic transfer during HT onset and development should describe crucial aspects of HT phenotypes and may allow early prevention. To investigate the progression of HT and identify potential biomarkers, the metabolic profiles of urine, plasma, and fecal extracts of HT rats fed a high salt diet were investigated using a H-1 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabonomics approach. In this study, the profiles at the 4th and 8th weeks for urine and fecal extracts could be classified, which revealed progression axes from normal status to HT status. Changes in succinate, alpha-ketoglutaric acid (alpha-KG), citrate, creatine and creatinine, choline, phosphocholine (PC) and glycerophosphocholine (GPC), trimethylamine-N-oxide and betaine, taurine and hippurate in urine, in conjunction with gut flora disturbance in feces were observed during the initial stage of HT (6th week). During the severe HT period (8th week), these metabolic changes became more pronounced, and the metabolic disturbance in plasma lipid and choline indicated a possible increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. Thus, an increase in dietary salt can induce a series of metabolic changes, and H-1 NMR-based metabonomics offers a non-invasive means to elucidate the progression of HT induced by this dietary pattern.
机译：高盐诱导的高血压（HT）是一个越来越重要的健康问题。然而，HT发展中的代谢转化的分子机制仍然是未知的。 HT发作和发展过程中时间依赖性代谢转移的特征应描述HT表型的关键方面，并可能允许早期预防。为了研究HT的进展并确定潜在的生物标志物，使用基于H-1核磁共振（NMR）的代谢组学方法研究了喂食高盐饮食的HT大鼠尿液，血浆和粪便提取物的代谢谱。在这项研究中，可以对第4周和第8周尿液和粪便提取物的概况进行分类，从而揭示从正常状态到HT状态的进展轴。尿液中的琥珀酸，α-酮戊二酸（α-KG），柠檬酸盐，肌酸和肌酐，胆碱，磷酸胆碱（PC）和甘油磷酸胆碱（GPC），三甲胺-N-氧化物和甜菜碱，牛磺酸和马尿酸盐的变化，以及肠道的变化在HT的初始阶段（第6周）观察到粪便中的菌群紊乱。在严重的HT期间（第8周），这些代谢变化变得更加明显，血浆脂质和胆碱的代谢紊乱表明心血管疾病的风险可能增加。因此，饮食盐的增加可以诱导一系列代谢变化，并且基于H-1 NMR的代谢组学提供了一种非侵入性手段来阐明这种饮食模式所诱发的HT进程。

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