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Low-temperature preparation of macroscopic nitrogen-doped graphene hydrogel for high-performance ultrafast supercapacitors

机译：高性能超快超级电容器的宏观氮掺杂石墨烯水凝胶的低温制备

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摘要

In this work, a simple method by using ammonia at a relatively low temperature (90 degrees C) to prepare nitrogen-doped graphene hydrogel (N-GH) is demonstrated. Ammonia is not only a nitrogen source but also a modification to the 3D structure of graphene hydrogel. The structure and morphology characterization of the materials was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy. The resulting N-GH has a high atomic percentage of N up to 13.44%. It has been found that the supercapacitor performance of the resulting N-GH could be significantly improved. At the constant current density of 1 A g(-1), the specific capacitance was estimated as 217.8 F g(-1). Even at the constant current density of 200 A g(-1), the electrode still has a specific capacitance of 189.8 F g(-1). The material also has a retention rate of 95.8% of its initial capacitance after 1000 cycles at a current density of 20 A g(-1). Moreover, the N-GH has excellent electrochemical stability and a good performance for the rate property even at an ultrafast charge/discharge rate; thus, they may have potential applications as ultrafast supercapacitors.
机译：在这项工作中，展示了一种通过在相对较低的温度（90摄氏度）下使用氨来制备氮掺杂石墨烯水凝胶（N-GH）的简单方法。氨不仅是氮源，而且是对石墨烯水凝胶3D结构的修饰。通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM），X射线衍射（XRD）和拉曼光谱对材料的结构和形貌进行表征。所得的N-GH具有高达13.44％的高N原子百分比。已经发现，所得的N-GH的超级电容器性能可以显着提高。在1 A g（-1）的恒定电流密度下，比电容估计为217.8 F g（-1）。即使在200 A g（-1）的恒定电流密度下，电极的比电容仍为189.8 F g（-1）。该材料在20 A g（-1）的电流密度下经过1000次循环后，其初始电容的保留率为95.8％。而且，即使在超快的充电/放电速率下，N-GH也具有优异的电化学稳定性和良好的速率性能。因此，它们可能具有超快超级电容器的潜在应用。

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