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首页> 外文期刊>RSC Advances >Gallic acid: a versatile antioxidant with promising therapeutic and industrial applications
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Gallic acid: a versatile antioxidant with promising therapeutic and industrial applications

机译:没食子酸:一种多功能抗氧化剂,具有广阔的治疗和工业应用前景

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摘要

Oxidative stress, a result of an overproduction and accumulation of free radicals, is the leading cause of several degenerative diseases such as cancer, atherosclerosis, cardiovascular diseases, ageing and inflammatory diseases. Polyphenols form an important class of naturally occurring antioxidants, having innumerable biological activities such as anticancer, antifungal, antibacterial, antiviral, antiulcer and anticholesterol, to name a few. Among various polyphenols, gallic acid (3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid), a naturally occurring low molecular weight triphenolic compound, has emerged as a strong antioxidant and an efficient apoptosis inducing agent. Starting from the bioavailability and the biosynthetic pathway of gallic acid, this review includes various in vitro, in vivo and in silico studies providing the mode of action, radical scavenging activity, ability to inhibit lipid peroxidation, maintenance of endogenous defense systems and metal ion chelation by this triphenolic molecule, along with a comprehensive overview of factors responsible for its high antioxidant activity. Gallic acid derivatives have also been found in a number of phytomedicines with diverse biological and pharmacological activities, including radical scavenging, interfering with the cell signaling pathways and apoptosis of cancer cells. The diverse range of applications of this simple polyphenol is due to a fine amalgam between its antioxidant and prooxidant potential. The existing literature on this dual behavior of gallic acid and its derivatives is reviewed here. This is followed by an account of their potential clinical and industrial applications.
机译:自由基过度产生和积累的结果是氧化应激,是导致多种退行性疾病(例如癌症,动脉粥样硬化,心血管疾病,衰老和炎症性疾病)的主要原因。多酚形成一类重要的天然抗氧化剂,具有无数的生物活性,例如抗癌,抗真菌,抗菌,抗病毒,抗溃疡和抗胆固醇等。在各种多酚中,没食子酸(3,4,5-三羟基苯甲酸)是一种天然存在的低分子量三酚化合物,已作为强抗氧化剂和有效的细胞凋亡诱导剂出现。从没食子酸的生物利用度和生物合成途径出发,本综述包括各种体外,体内和计算机模拟研究,这些研究提供了作用方式,自由基清除活性,抑制脂质过氧化的能力,维持内源防御系统和金属离子螯合的能力。三酚分子的合成,以及导致其高抗氧化活性的因素的综合概述。没食子酸衍生物还被发现在许多具有多种生物学和药理活性的植物药中,包括自由基清除,干扰细胞信号传导途径和癌细胞的凋亡。这种简单的多酚的多种应用范围是由于其抗氧化剂和促氧化剂之间的精细汞齐。此处综述了有关没食子酸及其衍生物的双重行为的现有文献。其次是它们潜在的临床和工业应用的说明。

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