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首页> 外文期刊>Occupational and environmental medicine >Environmental risk factors for Parkinson's disease and parkinsonism: the Geoparkinson study.
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Environmental risk factors for Parkinson's disease and parkinsonism: the Geoparkinson study.

机译：帕金森氏病和帕金森症的环境风险因素：地质帕金森症研究。

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OBJECTIVE: To investigate the associations between Parkinson's disease and other degenerative parkinsonian syndromes and environmental factors in five European countries. METHODS: A case-control study of 959 prevalent cases of parkinsonism (767 with Parkinson's disease) and 1989 controls in Scotland, Italy, Sweden, Romania and Malta was carried out. Cases were defined using the United Kingdom Parkinson's Disease Society Brain Bank criteria, and those with drug-induced or vascular parkinsonism or dementia were excluded. Subjects completed an interviewer-administered questionnaire about lifetime occupational and hobby exposure to solvents, pesticides, iron, copper and manganese. Lifetime and average annual exposures were estimated blind to disease status using a job-exposure matrix modified by subjective exposure modelling. Results were analysed using multiple logistic regression, adjusting for age, sex, country, tobacco use, ever knocked unconscious and family history of Parkinson's disease. RESULTS: Adjusted logistic regression analyses showed significantly increased odds ratios for Parkinson's disease/parkinsonism with an exposure-response relationship for pesticides (low vs no exposure, odds ratio (OR) = 1.13, 95% CI 0.82 to 1.57, high vs no exposure, OR = 1.41, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.88) and ever knocked unconscious (once vs never, OR = 1.35, 95% CI 1.09 to 1.68, more than once vs never, OR = 2.53, 95% CI 1.78 to 3.59). Hypnotic, anxiolytic or antidepressant drug use for more than 1 year and a family history of Parkinson's disease showed significantly increased odds ratios. Tobacco use was protective (OR = 0.50, 95% CI 0.42 to 0.60). Analyses confined to subjects with Parkinson's disease gave similar results. CONCLUSIONS: The association of pesticide exposure with Parkinson's disease suggests a causative role. Repeated traumatic loss of consciousness is associated with increased risk.
机译：目的：研究五个欧洲国家中帕金森氏病与其他帕金森氏变性综合征和环境因素之间的关系。方法：对苏格兰，意大利，瑞典，罗马尼亚和马耳他的959例帕金森病（767例帕金森氏病）和1989例对照进行了病例对照研究。使用英国帕金森氏病学会脑库标准定义病例，排除药物诱发或血管性帕金森氏症或痴呆的病例。受试者填写了一份由访调员管理的问卷，内容涉及终身职业和业余爱好，接触溶剂，农药，铁，铜和锰。使用通过主观暴露模型修改的工作暴露矩阵，估计终身和年均暴露量不受疾病状况影响。使用多元逻辑回归分析结果，对年龄，性别，国家，吸烟情况，曾经昏迷和帕金森氏病家族史进行调整。结果：调整后的Logistic回归分析显示，帕金森氏病/帕金森综合症的优势比显着增加，且农药具有暴露-反应关系（低暴露与无暴露，优势比（OR）= 1.13、95％CI 0.82至1.57，高暴露与无暴露， OR = 1.41，95％CI 1.06至1.88）并曾经昏迷（一次vs永不，OR = 1.35，95％CI 1.09至1.68，一次以上对从未，OR = 2.53，95％CI 1.78至3.59）。催眠药，抗焦虑药或抗抑郁药的使用超过1年，并且有帕金森氏病的家族病史，赔率明显增加。吸烟是有保护作用的（OR = 0.50，95％CI 0.42至0.60）。仅限于帕金森氏病患者的分析得出了相似的结果。结论：农药暴露与帕金森氏病的关系表明有致病作用。反复的创伤性意识丧失与风险增加相关。

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