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首页> 外文期刊>Occupational and environmental medicine >Proposal for the assessment to quantitative dermal exposure limits in occupational environments: Part 2. Feasibility study for application in an exposure scenario for MDA by two different dermal exposure sampling methods.
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Proposal for the assessment to quantitative dermal exposure limits in occupational environments: Part 2. Feasibility study for application in an exposure scenario for MDA by two different dermal exposure sampling methods.

机译：在职业环境中评估定量皮肤接触限量的建议：第2部分。通过两种不同的皮肤接触采样方法，在MDA接触场景中应用的可行性研究。

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OBJECTIVE: To evaluate two different techniques for assessing dermal exposure to 4,4'-methylene dianiline (MDA) in a field study. The results were used to test the applicability of a recently proposed quantitative dermal occupational exposure limit (DOEL) for MDA in a workplace scenario. METHODS: For two consecutive weeks six workers were monitored for exposure to MDA in a factory that made glass fibre reinforced resin pipes. Dermal exposure of the hands and forearms was assessed during week 1 by a surrogate skin technique (cotton monitoring gloves) and during week 2 by a removal technique (hand wash). As well as the dermal exposure sampling, biological monitoring, measurement of MDA excretion in urine over 24 hours, occurred during week 2. Surface contamination of the workplace and equipment was monitored qualitatively by colorimetric wipe samples. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Geometric means of daily exposure ranged from 81-1762 micrograms MDA for glove monitoring and from 84-1783 micrograms MDA for hand washes. No significant differences, except for one worker, were found between exposure of the hands in weeks 1 and 2. Significant differences between the mean daily exposure of the hands (for both weeks and sampling methods) were found for all workers. The results of the colorimetric wipe samples indicated a general contamination of the workplace and equipment. Excretion of MDA in 24 hour urine samples ranged from 8 to 249 micrograms MDA, whereas cumulative MDA excretion over a week ranged from 82 to 717 micrograms MDA. Cumulative hand wash and MDA excretion results over a week showed a high correlation (R2 = 0.94). The highest actual daily dermal exposure found seemed to be about 4 mg (hand wash worker A on day 4), about 25% of the external DOEL. Testing of compliance by means of a biological limit value (BLV) led to similar results for the same worker. It is concluded that both dermal exposure monitoring methods were applicable and showed a compatible performance in the present exposure scenario, where the exposure relevant to dermal absorption is considered mainly restricted to hands. The concept for a DOEL seemed to be relevant and applicable for compliance testing and health surveillance in the situation under investigation.
机译：目的：在现场研究中评估两种不同的技术来评估皮肤对4,4'-亚甲基二苯胺（MDA）的接触。该结果用于测试工作场所场景中MDA的最新提议的定量皮肤职业接触限值（DOEL）的适用性。方法：连续两周，在制造玻璃纤维增​​强树脂管的工厂中，对六名工人进行了MDA暴露监测。在第1周通过替代性皮肤技术（棉质监视手套）评估手和前臂的皮肤暴露，在第2周通过去除技术（洗手）评估皮肤和手。在第2周中，除了进行皮肤暴露采样外，还进行了生物学监测，24小时尿中MDA排泄的测量。通过比色擦拭样品定性监测了工作场所和设备的表面污染。结果与结论：每天的几何暴露量范围为：手套监测的MDA为81-1762微克，洗手的MDA为84-1783微克。在第1周和第2周之间，除了一名工人外，没有发现任何显着差异。所有工人的平均每日手接触量（两周和采样方法）之间都没有显着差异。比色擦拭样品的结果表明工作场所和设备普遍受到污染。 24小时尿液样本中MDA的排泄量为8到249微克MDA，而一周内的累积MDA排泄量为82到717微克MDA。一周内的累积洗手液和MDA排泄结果显示出高度相关性（R2 = 0.94）。发现最高的实际每日皮肤接触量约为4 mg（第4天的洗手工人A），约占外部DOEL的25％。通过生物极限值（BLV）进行的依从性测试对同一名工人产生了相似的结果。结论是，在目前的暴露情况下，两种皮肤暴露监测方法均适用，并且显示出兼容的性能，在这种情况下，与皮肤吸收有关的暴露主要限于手。 DOEL的概念似乎很相关，并且适用于调查情况下的合规性测试和健康监视。

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