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首页> 外文期刊>Occupational and environmental medicine >Work characteristics predict psychiatric disorder: prospective results from the Whitehall II Study.
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Work characteristics predict psychiatric disorder: prospective results from the Whitehall II Study.

机译：工作特征可预测精神疾病：Whitehall II研究的前瞻性结果。

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OBJECTIVES: The impact of work on the risk of future psychiatric disorder has been examined in few longitudinal studies. This was examined prospectively in a large epidemiological study of civil servants. METHODS: In the Whitehall II study, a longitudinal, prospective cohort study of 6895 male and 3413 female London based civil servants, work characteristics measured at baseline (phase 1: 1985-8) and first follow up (phase 2: 1989) were used to predict psychiatric disorder measured by a 30 item general health questionnaire (GHQ) at phase 2 and phase 3 follow up (phase 3: 1991-3). Work characteristics and GHQ were measured at all three phases. RESULTS: Low social support at work and low decision authority, high job demands and effort-reward imbalance were associated with increased risk of psychiatric disorder as assessed by the GHQ at follow up adjusting for age, employment grade, and baseline GHQ score. CONCLUSIONS: Social support and control at work protect mental health while high job demands and effort-reward imbalance are risk factors for future psychiatric disorder. Intervention at the level of work design, organisation, and management might have positive effects on mental health in working populations.
机译：目的：在少数纵向研究中已经研究了工作对未来精神疾病风险的影响。一项大型的公务员流行病学研究对此进行了前瞻性检查。方法：在白厅II研究中，采用纵向前瞻性队列研究，对伦敦的6895名男性和3413名女性的公务员进行了研究，其工作特征在基线（阶段1：1985-8）和首次随访（阶段2：1989）中进行了测量。预测由第二阶段和第三阶段随访（阶段3：1991-3）的30项一般健康调查表（GHQ）测得的精神疾病。在所有三个阶段均测量了工作特性和GHQ。结果：GHQ在对年龄，就业等级和基线GHQ评分进行调整后进行了随访，评估结果表明，工作中的社会支持水平低，决策权低，工作要求高和努力奖赏失衡与精神障碍风险增加有关。结论：工作中的社会支持和控制保护了心理健康，而高工作要求和努力回报的不平衡则是未来精神病的危险因素。在工作设计，组织和管理层面上的干预可能会对工作人群的心理健康产生积极影响。

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