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首页> 外文期刊>Occupational and environmental medicine >Urinary biomarkers of exposure to glycol ethers and chlorinated solvents during pregnancy: determinants of exposure and comparison with indirect methods of exposure assessment.
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Urinary biomarkers of exposure to glycol ethers and chlorinated solvents during pregnancy: determinants of exposure and comparison with indirect methods of exposure assessment.

机译：怀孕期间暴露于乙二醇醚和氯化溶剂的尿液生物标志物：暴露的决定因素以及与间接暴露评估方法的比较。

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OBJECTIVES: To describe urine levels of metabolites of glycol ethers and chlorinated solvents in a sample of pregnant women from the general population, to study their occupational and non-occupational determinants and to compare them with the results of indirect assessment methods of solvent exposure. METHODS: A sample of 451 pregnant women was randomly selected from a general population cohort. At inclusion, the women in this sample completed a self-administered questionnaire about their social and medical characteristics, occupation and exposure to different products at work and in non-occupational activities. Occupational exposure to solvents was assessed from the woman's self-report and from a job-exposure matrix. Eight alkoxycarboxylic acids and trichloroacetic acid and trichloroethanol were measured with chromatography in urine samples collected at inclusion. Associations between metabolite levels and job titles, exposure to products used at work, and solvent exposure were studied. RESULTS: The different glycol ether metabolites were detected in 5.3%-96.4% of the urine samples, trichloroacetic acid in 6.4% and trichloroethanol in 5.5%. Nurses had butoxyacetic acid and phenoxyacetic acid in their urine most often, whereas methoxyethoxyacetic acid was the most frequent among nursing aides. Among cleaners, ethoxyacetic acid and ethoxyethoxyacetic acid were the most frequent. The occupation of hairdresser was associated with urinary excretion of ethoxyacetic acid, ethoxyethoxyacetic acid, butoxyacetic acid and phenoxyacetic acid. Among the women classified as exposed to solvents, the agents identified most often were ethoxyacetic acid, ethoxy-ethoxyacetic acid, butoxyacetic acid, phenoxyacetic acid, trichloroacetic acid and trichloroethanol. Ethoxyethoxyacetic acid was the only metabolite associated with non-occupational exposure. CONCLUSIONS: Metabolites of glycol ethers and chlorinated solvents were present at low levels in the urine of pregnant women. Most metabolites were associated with occupational exposure.
机译：目的：描述普通人群孕妇样本中乙二醇醚和氯化溶剂代谢产物的尿水平，研究其职业和非职业决定因素，并将其与间接接触溶剂评估方法的结果进行比较。方法：从普通人群中随机抽取451名孕妇。包括在内的是，该样本中的妇女填写了一份自我管理的问卷，内容涉及她们的社会和医学特征，职业以及在工作和非职业活动中接触不同产品的情况。根据女性的自我报告和职业暴露矩阵评估职业接触溶剂的情况。用色谱法测定了内含物收集的尿液样品中的八种烷氧基羧酸，三氯乙酸和三氯乙醇。研究了代谢物水平与职称，工作中所用产品的暴露以及溶剂暴露之间的关联。结果：在尿样中有5.3％-96.4％检出了不同的乙二醇醚代谢物，在6.4％中检出了三氯乙酸，在5.5％中检出了三氯乙醇。护士的尿液中丁氧基乙酸和苯氧乙酸的频率最高，而在护理助手中甲氧基乙氧基乙酸的频率最高。在清洁剂中，乙氧基乙酸和乙氧基乙氧基乙酸是最常见的。美发师的职业与尿中乙氧基乙酸，乙氧基乙氧基乙酸，丁氧基乙酸和苯氧基乙酸的排泄有关。在被分类为接触溶剂的妇女中，最常发现的药物是乙氧基乙酸，乙氧基乙氧基乙酸，丁氧基乙酸，苯氧基乙酸，三氯乙酸和三氯乙醇。乙氧基乙氧基乙酸是与非职业接触有关的唯一代谢物。结论：孕妇尿液中乙二醇醚和氯化溶剂的代谢物含量低。大多数代谢产物与职业接触有关。

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