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Bioengineering skin using mechanisms of regeneration and repair.

机译：利用再生和修复机制对皮肤进行生物工程。

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The development and use of artificial skin in treating acute and chronic wounds has, over the last 30 years, advanced from a scientific concept to a series of commercially viable products. Many important clinical milestones have been reached and the number of artificial skin substitutes licensed for clinical use is growing, but they have yet to replace the current "gold standard" of an autologous skin graft. Currently available skin substitutes often suffer from a range of problems that include poor integration (which in many cases is a direct result of inadequate vascularisation), scarring at the graft margins and a complete lack of differentiated structures. The ultimate goal for skin tissue engineers is to regenerate skin such that the complete structural and functional properties of the wounded area are restored to the levels before injury. New synthetic biomaterials are constantly being developed that may enable control over wound repair and regeneration mechanisms by manipulating cell adhesion, growth and differentiation and biomechanics for optimal tissue development. In this review, the clinical developments in skin bioengineering are discussed, from conception through to the development of clinically viable products. Central to the discussion is the development of the next generation of skin replacement therapy, the success of which is likely to be underpinned with our knowledge of wound repair and regeneration.
机译：在过去的30年中，用于治疗急性和慢性伤口的人造皮肤的开发和使用已从科学概念发展为一系列商业上可行的产品。已经达到了许多重要的临床里程碑，并且许可用于临床的人造皮肤替代品的数量正在增长，但是它们尚未取代当前的自体皮肤移植物的“金标准”。当前可用的皮肤替代品经常遭受一系列问题，包括融合不良（在许多情况下是血管化不足的直接结果），移植物边缘的瘢痕形成和完全缺乏分化的结构。皮肤组织工程师的最终目标是使皮肤再生，使受伤部位的完整结构和功能特性恢复到受伤前的水平。正在不断开发新的合成生物材料，这些材料可以通过操纵细胞粘附，生长和分化以及生物力学来控制最佳的组织发展，从而控制伤口的修复和再生机制。在这篇综述中，讨论了皮肤生物工程的临床发展，从概念到临床可行产品的发展。讨论的中心是下一代皮肤替代疗法的开发，我们对伤口修复和再生的了解很可能会支持其成功。

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