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Variability of the Active Layer in the North Atlantic from Hydrologic Data and Values of Heat and Moisture Fluexes at the Surface

机译：从水文数据和地表湿热通量的数值看北大西洋活动层的变化

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摘要

In order to study role of heat and water balance components in the generation of thermohalinic circulation of the North Atlantic water and the relative role of the seasons in the interaction of the ocean and the atmosphere, we propose a method of converting the heat and moisture fluxes at the ocean-atmosphere interface into intermonthly temperature and salinity variations. Variability of the temperature and salinity averaged over the active ocean layer is analyzed for four characteristic regions in the North Atlantic for the period from 1958 to 1994 on seasonal and interannual scales. Advection and variations of the thickness of the active ocean layer are responsible for peculiarities of the seasonal temperature and salinity trends in the regions of the major gyrese. Interannual temperature variations in all of the regions, excluding the zone of the Polar front, are predominantly governed by the local interaction with the atmosphere. Long-term salinity variations are governed by the locaal causes in the subpolar gyre only. The advective components of the water balance equation along the Gulf Stream and North Atlantic Current compensate for the local effect of the effective evaporation. A correlation analysis, as well as the presence and behavior of nonlinear trends in the temperature and salinity, suggests that the subtropical and subpolar gyres are in antiphase. During the past 40 years, the warming up in the former and the cooling off in the latter are most likely associated with the weakening of the meridional circulation in the middle latitudes of the North Atlanic. The rates of advection of the temperatue anomalies in the active layer within these gyres (about 10 years over the route from the western to coasts of the ocean) agree with the estimates madae in previous studies.
机译：为了研究热量和水平衡成分在北大西洋水热卤化循环的产生中的作用以及季节在海洋与大气相互作用中的相对作用，我们提出了一种转换热量和水分通量的方法在海洋-大气界面处，进入月度温度和盐度变化。在1958年至1994年期间，按季节和年际尺度分析了北大西洋四个特征区域活动海洋层平均温度和盐度的变化。活跃海洋层的平流变化和变化是主要吉尔吉斯地区季节性温度和盐度变化趋势的特殊原因。除极地锋区域外，所有区域的年际温度变化主要取决于与大气的局部相互作用。长期盐度变化仅受亚极回旋中的局部原因控制。沿着墨西哥湾流和北大西洋海流的水平衡方程的对流分量补偿了有效蒸发的局部影响。相关性分析以及温度和盐度非线性趋势的存在与行为，表明亚热带和亚极回旋处于反相状态。在过去的40年中，前者的升温和后者的降温很可能与北大西洋中纬度子午环流的减弱有关。这些回旋内活动层的温度异常平流速率（从西部到海洋沿岸约10年）与以前的研究估计的马达达一致。

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