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Deleterious effects of osteoarthritis on the structure and function of the meniscal enthesis

机译：骨关节炎对半月板结构和功能的有害影响

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Objective: The ability of menisci to prevent osteoarthritis (OA) is dependent on the integrity of the complex meniscal entheses, the attachments of the menisci to the underlying subchondral bone (SB). The goal of this study was to determine mechanical and structural changes in meniscal entheses after the onset of OA. Design: Healthy and osteoarthritic meniscal entheses were evaluated for changes in histomorphological characteristics, mineralization, and mechanical properties. Glycosaminoglycans (GAG) and calcium in the insertion were evaluated with histological staining techniques. The extent of calcium deposition was assessed and tidemark (TM) integrity was quantified. Changes in the mineralized zone of the insertion were examined using micro-computed tomography (μCT) to determine bone mineral density, cortical zone thickness, and mineralization gradient. Mechanical properties of the entheses were measured using nano-indentation techniques to obtain material properties based on viscoelastic analysis. Results: GAG thickness in the calcified fibrocartilage (CFC) zone and calcium content were significantly greater in osteoarthritic anterior meniscal entheses. TM integrity was significantly decreased in OA tissue, particularly in the medial anterior (MA) enthesis. The mineralized zone of osteoarthritic meniscal entheses was significantly thicker than in healthy entheses and showed decreased bone mineral density. Fitting of mineralization data to a sigmoidal Gompertz function revealed a lower rate of increase in mineralization in osteoarthritic tissue. Analysis of viscoelastic mechanical properties revealed increased compliance in osteoarthritic tissue. Conclusions: These data suggest that significant changes occur at meniscal enthesis sites with the onset of OA. Mechanical and structural changes in meniscal entheses may contribute to meniscal extrusion, which has been shown to increase the progression of OA.
机译：目的：半月板预防骨关节炎（OA）的能力取决于复杂的半月板骨的完整性，半月板与下方软骨下骨（SB）的连接。这项研究的目的是确定OA发作后半月板的机械和结构变化。设计：对健康和骨关节炎的半月板进行了组织形态学特征，矿化和机械性能变化的评估。使用组织学染色技术评估插入物中的糖胺聚糖（GAG）和钙。评估钙沉积的程度，并量化tidemark（TM）完整性。使用微型计算机断层扫描（μCT）检查插入物矿化区域的变化，以确定骨矿物质密度，皮质区域厚度和矿化梯度。使用纳米压痕技术测量了这些骨架的机械性能，从而基于粘弹性分析获得了材料性能。结果：在骨关节炎性前半月板假体中，钙化纤维软骨（CFC）区的GAG厚度和钙含量明显更高。在OA组织中，特别是在内侧前（MA）镜下，TM完整性显着降低。骨关节炎半月板的矿化区明显厚于健康的半月板，并且显示出降低的骨矿物质密度。矿化数据与S型Gompertz函数的拟合显示骨关节炎组织中矿化增加的速率较低。粘弹性机械性能的分析显示，骨关节炎组织的顺应性增加。结论：这些数据表明，随着OA的发作，在半月板覆盖部位发生了显着变化。半月板的机械和结构变化可能会导致半月板挤压，这已被证明可以增加OA的进展。

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