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首页> 外文期刊>Cell and tissue banking: An international journal of banking, engineering & transplantation of cells and tissues >Cryopreservation of domestic animal sperm cells
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Cryopreservation of domestic animal sperm cells

机译：冷冻保存家畜精子细胞

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Sperm cells are the endpoint of male spermatogenesis and have particular anatomic and metabolic features. Sperm cryopreservation and storage currently require liquid nitrogen or ultralow refrigeration methods for long or short term storage, which requires routine maintenance and extensive space requirements. Conserving sperms have several purposes such as artificial reproductive technologies (ART), species conservation and clinical medicine. The combinations of storage temperature, cooling rate, chemical composition of the extender, cryoprotectant concentration, reactive oxygen species (ROS), seminal plasma composition and hygienic control are the key factors that affect the life-span of spermatozoa. Sperm preservation protocols vary among animal species owing to their inherent particularities that change extenders used for refrigeration and freezing. Extenders for freezing sperm cells contain buffers, carbohydrates (glucose, lactose, raffinose, saccharose and trehalose), salts (sodium citrate, citric acid), egg yolk and antibiotics. The use of different cryoprotectants, like trehalose or glycerol, as well as different concentrations of egg yolk and other constituents in semen extenders are being studied in our laboratory. Several cooling rates have been tested to freeze sperm cells. The use of faster rates (15-60A degrees C/min) gives rise to best sperm survivals after freezing-thawing, but more studies are needed to find the adequate cooling rates for each animal species. Sheep and goat males of some native breeds are being used in studies performed in EZN. Semen from those males has been frozen and stored as part of the Portuguese Animal Germplasm Bank. In small ruminants, individual variations in the quality of frozen semen have been observed, suggesting specific differences in sperm susceptibility to freezing methods, particularly obvious in goat males. Best quality frozen semen from small ruminants is being used in cervical artificial insemination studies aiming to increase productive parameters in selected flocks.
机译：精子细胞是男性精子发生的终点，具有特殊的解剖和代谢特征。精子的低温保存和存储目前需要液氮或超低制冷方法来长期或短期存储，这需要常规维护和大量空间需求。保存精子有几个目的，例如人工生殖技术（ART），物种保存和临床医学。储存温度，冷却速度，增量剂的化学组成，防冻剂浓度，活性氧种类（ROS），精浆成分和卫生控制的组合是影响精子寿命的关键因素。由于动物固有的特殊性，精子保存方案因动物种类而异，从而改变了用于冷藏和冷冻的填充剂。冷冻精子细胞的补充剂包含缓冲液，碳水化合物（葡萄糖，乳糖，棉子糖，蔗糖和海藻糖），盐（柠檬酸钠，柠檬酸），蛋黄和抗生素。我们实验室正在研究在精液补充剂中使用不同的防冻剂，如海藻糖或甘油，以及不同浓度的蛋黄和其他成分。已经测试了几种冷却速率以冷冻精子细胞。使用更快的速率（15-60A摄氏度/分钟）可以在冷冻融化后获得最佳的精子存活率，但是还需要进行更多的研究才能找到每种动物合适的降温速率。在EZN中进行的研究中使用了一些本地品种的绵羊和山羊雄性。这些雄性的精液已被冷冻，并作为葡萄牙动物种质库的一部分进行存储。在小型反刍动物中，观察到冷冻精液质量的个体差异，这表明精子对冷冻方法的敏感性存在特定差异，在山羊雄性中尤为明显。来自小反刍动物的最优质冷冻精液已用于子宫颈人工授精研究，旨在提高所选鸡群的生产参数。

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