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Prospects for the precise engineering of plant genomes by homologous recombination.

机译:通过同源重组对植物基因组进行精确工程改造的前景。

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摘要

The targeting of chromosomal genes via homologous recombination (HR) is an essential tool of reverse genetics as applied for the functional assay of genes within complex genomes. However, in higher plants, foreign DNA integrates almost exclusively at random, non-homologous sites. A variety of environmental parameters known to influence levels of HR do not increase targeting frequencies when combined in gene-targeting experiments. The identification of cellular factors that may control the level of chromosomal HR in plant somatic cells is required. Plant genes encoding proteins similar to those involved in HR in other organisms can be found in the expanding sequence databases. Evidence for evolutionary conservation should help to decipher mechanisms of plant HR and possibly detect limiting factors. At present, however, only one genetic locus influencing levels of chromosomal recombination in plants has been well defined. Here we summarise current knowledge of HR and the status of gene targeting (GT) in plants, focusing on genetic approaches to molecular factors regulating HR levels.
机译:通过同源重组(HR)靶向染色体基因是逆向遗传学的重要工具,可用于复杂基因组内基因的功能分析。但是,在高等植物中,外源DNA几乎仅在随机,非同源位点整合。在基因靶向实验中结合使用时,已知多种影响HR水平的环境参数不会增加靶向频率。需要鉴定可控制植物体细胞中染色体HR水平的细胞因子。可以在扩展序列数据库中找到编码与其他生物体中参与HR的蛋白质相似的蛋白质的植物基因。进化保护的证据应有助于破译植物HR的机制,并可能发现限制因素。然而,目前,仅明确定义了一种影响植物染色体重组水平的遗传位点。在这里,我们总结了当前有关HR的知识以及植物中基因靶向(GT)的状态,重点关注了调控HR水平的分子因素的遗传方法。

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