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首页> 外文期刊>Science in context >Mobility and Migration of Spanish Mathematicians during the Years around the Spanish Civil War and World War II
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Mobility and Migration of Spanish Mathematicians during the Years around the Spanish Civil War and World War II

机译：西班牙内战和第二次世界大战期间的岁月中，西班牙数学家的流动与迁徙

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This paper considers some aspects of the reception and development of contemporary mathematics in Spain during the first half of the twentieth century, more specifically between 1910 and 1950. It analyzes the possible influence of scientists' mobility in the adoption of newer views or theories. A short overview of key points of the social and scientific background in nineteenth-century Spain locates the expounded facts in an appropriate context. Three leading threads are followed. First is the consideration of the mobility of some Spanish mathematicians during a period including World War I and World War II - when Spain was a theoretically neutral country - and the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939). Second, the emergence and sociopolitical behavior of a dominant mathematical group gathered around Julio Rey Pastor between 1915 and 1936 is also accounted for, as well as its continuity after the Civil War into the 1940s. Third, attention is paid to the migration or interior exile of a number of mathematicians as a consequence of the Civil War. The paper is organized around nine Tables containing information on mobility of mathematicians, doctorates awarded in the mathematical sciences, andmathematical production in Spain during this period, accompanied by statistical résumés and comments on interesting entries. The main conclusions drawn are: 1) a number of integrants of the Rey group, himself included, officially traveled to Austria, France, Germany, Italy, and Switzerland - usually after having obtained doctorates and fixed positions - imported mathematical knowledge into Spain; 2) the group also managed to dominate the mathematical panorama from both the scientific and the sociological viewpoint; 3) social usages in Spanish mathematical affairs established in Spain in the years prior to the Civil War present a clear continuity under the Franco regime once the war was over.
机译：本文考虑了20世纪上半叶，尤其是1910年至1950年之间西班牙当代数学的接受和发展的某些方面。它分析了科学家的流动性对采用新观点或理论的可能影响。简短概述了19世纪西班牙的社会和科学背景要点，在适当的背景下找到了阐明的事实。遵循三个引导线程。首先是在包括第一次世界大战和第二次世界大战（当时西班牙在理论上是中立国家）和西班牙内战（1936-1939年）的时期内考虑一些西班牙数学家的流动性。其次，也要说明在1915年至1936年之间聚集在朱利奥·雷伊·帕斯特（Julio Rey Pastor）周围的一个占主导地位的数学团体的出现和社会政治行为，以及在内战到1940年代之后的连续性。第三，由于内战的结果，许多数学家的迁移或内部流亡引起了人们的关注。本文围绕9个表格进行组织，其中包含有关数学家流动性，数学科学博士学位和西班牙在此期间的数学生产的信息，并附有统计简历和对有趣条目的评论。得出的主要结论是：1）Rey集团的许多整合者，包括他本人在内，通常在获得博士学位和固定职位后，正式前往奥地利，法国，德国，意大利和瑞士旅行;将数学知识输入西班牙。 2）从科学和社会学的角度来看，小组还设法控制了数学全景图; 3）内战前几年在西班牙建立的西班牙数学事务中的社会用法在战争结束后在佛朗哥政权下显然具有连续性。

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