摘要:维特根斯坦将人类生活的全部领域都视为游戏,把游戏作为一种生活现象和实践形式来考察.游戏概念具有模糊性、描述性和动态性.游戏只具有家族相似性特征.生活形式以及由它决定的游戏是丰富多彩的.他的游戏理论为一些重大体育理论问题的探讨提供了全新的思考方法和研究视角.体育不能解释和说明而只能描述,只具有家族相似性特征.对体育强国的理解应是动态的,中国还没有迈入体育强国,至多算作竞技体育强国.游戏是人文精神的本源,只有人们在体育运动中主动地倡导体育人文精神,才能实现对人价值的肯定和对人生命的关怀.为了使举国体制的运行回归人文主义,要对现行的举国体制进行改革.%Wittgenstein regards all fields of human life as plays.He investigates plays as a life phe-nomenon and the form of practice.The concept of plays is fuzzy,descriptive and dynamic.Plays have only the characteristics of family similarity.The form of life and plays based on it are rich.His theory of plays offers the brand new thinking method and researching perspective for the discussion of some significant theoretical problems of sports.Sports can not be explained but only be described,and has only the characteristic of family similarity.The understanding of the sports power should be dynamic, and China has not entered the sports power,at most entered strong countries in competitive sports. Plays are sources of humanistic spirit.Only when people actively advocate sports humanistic spirit in sports,can the affirmation of human value and the concern for human life be realized.In order to make the operation of whole national system regress to humanism,the current system should be re-formed.
摘要:When scholars use the term"opera-novel",they mean that it is a popular performance art,and emphasizes the performance of the work and the particularity of the way of speech.Ye Shi Yuan Cang Shu Mu takes"opera-novel"as the category in company with"Four Classics",and is actually a response to that recognition."Opera-novel"of Ye Shi Yuan Cang Shu Mu sets up a small category called"popular novel",its purpose is to highlight the difference between the works which had larger entanglements with"legend",rap literature,such as The Popular Romance of the Three Kingdoms,The Water Margin,etc.,and"ancient and modern dramas"and"legends"in the form of expression and the taste of performance.The Popular Romance of the Three Kingdoms and The Water Margin were still regarded as a kind of"talking"art with the performance of fun and the couplet-style existence,and rather than vernacular popular novels.%历代连称"戏曲小说"主要指向作为"说话"伎艺的"小说"与"戏曲",强调此类作品的表演性特征与演说方式的特殊性.《也是园藏书目》以"戏曲小说"作为一种与"四部"并列的部类,即是对上述做法与时人普遍认知的回应.而此书目"戏曲小说"下设置"通俗小说"小类,系为突出与"传奇"、说唱文学有较大纠葛的《三国志通俗演义》《水浒传》等作品在表现形式及其表演趣味,与"古今杂剧""传奇"等的区别.它依旧将《三国志通俗演义》《水浒传》当作一种带有表演趣味的、以章回体式存在的"说话"伎艺,而非以之为白话通俗小说.
摘要:特朗普政府把美国"再工业化"从号召与经济层面不断上升到执行实施与政治乃至国家安全层面,这值得我们重视和研究.客观地讲,美国及亚洲部分发达国家或地区的去工业化对中国工业化快速发展发挥了积极作用.当前美国再工业化可能会弱化美国企业在华投资意愿,限制了其部分高新技术产业对外转移,并直接影响中国部分传统产业的就业与市场;但美国再工业化也给中国提供了机会,突出体现在其将会倒逼中国制造业由过去的重数量轻质量的外延式发展向重品质、重创新的内涵式发展转型,加快淘汰传统落后的高污染、高排放产能,促进中国制造业企业发展理念升级,整体上实现中国经济均衡发展与高质量增长.政策建议是需要在舆论上以积极开放的心态来引导认识美国再工业化现象,制定更有弹性更有效率的产业政策组合,鼓励企业专注于现代制造业的创新与前沿技术的发展.%The Trump government has brought the United States"re-industrialization"from the ini-tiation and economic level to the implementation and the politics and even the national security lev-el,which deserves our attention and research.Objectively speaking,the de-industrialization in the United States and some developed countries or regions in Asia has played an active role in the rapid development of China's industrialization.At present,American"re-industrialization"could weaken the willingness of American enterprises'investments in China,limit some of his high-tech indus-tries'moving abroad,and directly affect the employment and the market of some traditional indus-tries in China.But American"re-industrialization"also offers opportunities for China,which is em-bodied in the following respects:promoting the transformation of China's manufacturing industry from the denotative development pattern,namely in the past paying attention to the quantity of prod-ucts and despise the quality of products to the connotative development pattern,namely emphasizing on quality and innovation,speeding up the elimination of traditional and backward high pollution and high emission capacity,promoting the upgrade of the development concept of Chinese manufacturing enterprises,and achieving balanced development and high quality growth of China's economy on the whole.It is suggested to guide the understanding of the American re-industrialization phenomenon in the public opinion with a positive and open mind,make more flexible and efficient industrial poli-cy portfolios,and encourage enterprises to focus on modern manufacturing innovation and cutting-edge technology development.
摘要:Cultural consumption is branded with the mark of culture,and belongs to the category of history.This paper studies the historical characteristics and development track of Chinese cultural consumption from the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Period to the Modern Period.From the perspective of cultural consumption upgrade,the paper analyzes the characteristics of the times of Chinese cultural consumption in different periods,major impact events,important product ideas and main forms of cultural consumption.The development level of productivity,"leader"group's con-sumption concept and the technical level of cultural consumption are factors affecting cultural con-sumption.Cultural consumption has a promoting effect on the development of technology,and extrav-agant cultural consumption has a negative effect on social development.%文化消费被烙上文化的印记,属于历史的范畴.本文研究从春秋战国时期到近现代中国文化消费的历史特征和发展轨迹.从文化消费升级的角度,分析了各个时期文化消费的时代特征、重大影响事件、重要产品技术思想及主要文化消费形式.生产力发展水平、文化消费"领袖"集团的消费理念和技术水平是影响文化消费的因素.文化消费对技术发展有促进作用,过度奢靡的文化消费对社会发展有反向影响.
摘要:Manifesto of the Communist Party,a classic work which has expounded the theory of Marx-ism openly,systematically and completely for the first time,has established the confidence of Marxist theory,and played a very important role in the history of the development of Marxism.The theoretical confidence of Manifesto of the Communist Party is mainly manifested in the scientific nature of the methodology of the historical materialism,the objectivity of understanding the historical status of the bourgeoisie,the inevitability of the historical mission of the proletariat,etc.The theoretical confidence of Manifesto of the Communist Party comes from the scientific,the truthful and the strict logic of Marxist theory,the absorption of excellent civilized achievements of mankind and the test of theoreti-cal truth by practice.%作为马克思主义理论第一次公开且系统完整阐述的经典著作《共产党宣言》,它确立了马克思主义理论自信的品格,在马克思主义发展史上具有十分重要的地位.《宣言》的理论自信主要表现在唯物史观方法论的科学性、对资产阶级历史地位认识的客观性和无产阶级历史使命的必然性等方面.《宣言》的理论自信来自于马克思主义理论的科学性和真理性、理论严密的逻辑性,来自于对人类优秀文明成果的吸收以及实践对理论真理性的检验.
摘要:Bernard Shaw believes that all arts are from preaching.Most of his works describe social reality,expressing his concerns about a lot of social ethical issues,such as love and marriage,prosti-tution,war,etc.These works contain the ethical concerns about destroying the hypocritical moral con-ceptions and restoring a kind of new morality in the society.In the play How He Lied to Her Hus-band,Bernard Shaw starts from a social ethical phenomenon-"extramarital affairs",thinks deeply a-bout the problem"Man's self-liberation",and expresses his criticism to the moral hypocrisy and his attention to the real life.From the perspective of literary ethics criticism,from three aspects:"the ethical dilemma of love and marriage""personal spiritual crisis"and"the drama of moral teach-ings",the paper analyzes Shaw's ethical expression in How He Lied to Her Husband,aiming to find out the moral sense in the text.%萧伯纳认为一切艺术都源于说教,他的作品大多数描写了现实的社会,表现了他对婚恋、卖淫、战争等诸多社会伦理问题的关注,具有摧毁虚伪的道德价值,重建社会新道德的伦理关怀.在《他怎样对她的丈夫说谎》中,萧伯纳从"婚外情"这一社会伦理现象出发,深入到"人的自我解放"这一问题的思考,表达了他对虚伪道德的批判和真实人生的关注.本文以文学伦理学批评为研究视角,从"婚恋的伦理困境""个人的精神危机"和"作为道德教诲的戏剧"三个方面探析《他怎样对她的丈夫说谎》中萧伯纳的伦理表达,发掘文本蕴含的道德教诲意义.
摘要:老上海文人沈寂在接受韦泱采访时透露:张爱玲曾以"霜庐"为笔名翻译毛姆的作品《红》《蚂蚁和蚱蜢》,另一篇同样署名"霜庐"的《牌九司务》是吴江枫所译.通过查阅民国期刊中所有署名"霜庐"的文章,发现除上述三篇译文之外,还有五篇散文署名"霜庐".通过综合考证,可以得出这样的结论:"霜庐"就是张爱玲,这八篇作品均出自其手.%SHEN Ji,a famous Shanghai writer written in the early 20th century,revealed in WEI Yang's interview that ZHANG Ailing once translated Somerset Maugham's Red and The Ant and the Grasshopper in the assumed name of SHUANG Lu. Pai Jiu Si Wu,although also in the name of SHUANG Lu,was in fact translated by WU Jiangfeng.From the periodicals of the Republic of China, I found the other five articles in the name of SHUANG Lu.After a comprehensive textual research,I prudently arrive at the conclusion that"SHUANG Lu"is ZHANG Ailing,and the eight works are all from her.
摘要:Cultural industries cluster in cities,synchronize with urbanization,and they build livable cities together.This paper elaborates the idea and the method which cultural industries reshape urban spaces:producing new space to promote urban organic regeneration,transforming old space to deeply activate the potentiality of urban spaces and beautifying urban space to create good lives.This paper argues that cultural industries,as the new driving force of urban regeneration,show the strong sha-ping force of culture,but are also squeezed by the power and the capital,excessively depend on ex-ternal resources,and the connotation is relatively insufficient.From a long-time perspective,the de-velopment of culture requires the internal logic of freedom,and urban regeneration also requires the more inclusive,diversified and sustainable spatial collection.%文化产业集聚城市,与城市化同步展开,共同构建以人为核心的宜居宜业城市.本文论述了文化产业多维度重塑城市空间的理念和方式:生产新空间以促进城市有机更新,转化旧空间以深度激活城市空间潜能,城市空间审美化以创造美好生活.本文认为,作为城市更新的新动力,文化产业固然展示了文化的强大塑造力,但同时也受到权力和资本的挤压,过度依赖外部资源而内涵相对稀薄.长远来看,文化发展需要一个自由的内在逻辑,城市更新也需要一个更为包容的、多元的、可持续发展的空间集合.