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首页> 外文期刊>Biological chemistry >In vivo functions of small GTPases in neocortical development
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In vivo functions of small GTPases in neocortical development

机译：小型GTPases在新皮质发育中的体内功能

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The complex mammalian cortex develops from a simple neuroepithelium through the proliferation of neuronal progenitors, their asymmetric division and cell migration. Newly generated neurons transiently assume a multipolar morphology before they polarize to form a trailing axon and a leading process that is required for their radial migration. The polarization and migration events during cortical development are under the control of multiple signaling cascades that coordinate the different cellular processes involved in neuronal differentiation. GTPases perform essential functions at different stages of neuronal development as central components of these pathways. They have been widely studied using cell lines and primary neuronal cultures but their physiological function in vivo still remains to be explored in many cases. Here we review the function of GTPases that have been studied genetically by the analysis of the embryonic nervous system in knockout mice. The phenotype of these mutants has highlighted the importance of GTPases for different steps of development by orchestrating cytoskel-etal rearrangements and neuronal polarization.
机译：复杂的哺乳动物皮质是从简单的神经上皮细胞通过神经元祖细胞的增殖，它们的不对称分裂和细胞迁移而形成的。新生成的神经元在极化形成尾随轴突和径向迁移所需的引导过程之前，会暂时呈现多极形态。皮质发育过程中的极化和迁移事件是在多个信号级联的控制下进行的，这些信号级联协调涉及神经元分化的不同细胞过程。 GTPases在神经元发育的不同阶段作为这些途径的重要组成部分执行基本功能。使用细胞系和原代神经元培养物对它们进行了广泛的研究，但是在许多情况下，它们在体内的生理功能仍有待探索。在这里，我们回顾了基因敲除小鼠的胚胎神经系统的遗传学研究的GTPases的功能。这些突变体的表型通过协调细胞骨架重排和神经元极化，突显了GTPases对于不同发育步骤的重要性。

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