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首页> 外文期刊>SAE International Journal of Aerospace >Comparison of a Blade Element Momentum Model to 3D CFD Simulations for Small Scale Propellers
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Comparison of a Blade Element Momentum Model to 3D CFD Simulations for Small Scale Propellers

机译：小型螺旋桨叶片动量模型与3D CFD仿真的比较

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摘要

Many Small Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (SUAV) are driven by small scale, fixed blade propellers. Flow produced by the propeller can have a significant impact on the aerodynamics of a SUAV. Therefore, in Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) simulations, it is often necessary to simulate the SUAV and propeller coupled together. For computational efficiency, the propeller can be modeled in a steady-state view by using momentum source terms to add the thrust and swirl produced by the propeller to the flow field. Many momentum source term models are based on blade element theory. Blade element theory divides the blade into element sections in the spanwise direction and assumes each element to operate independently as a two-dimensional (2D) airfoil. Blade Element Momentum Theory (BEMT) for two small scale propellers are compared to high-fidelity, time-dependent 3D Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) CFD simulations to determine the accuracy of approximating the complicated 3D flow associated with small scale propellers. Results show that BEMT acceptably predicts thrust when the propeller operates with little separation and the blade has a high aspect ratio with little or no chord variation. However, in large regions of separated flow and blades of lower aspect ratio and chord variation, the accuracy of BEMT diminishes. A secondary goal of this work is to create a basis for developing a more accurate steady-state surrogate model for the momentum imparted to the flow based on high-fidelity, time-dependent, 3D RANS CFD propeller blade simulations. An overview of this surrogate modeling process is briefly discussed.
机译：许多小型无人机（SUAV）由小型固定叶片螺旋桨驱动。螺旋桨产生的气流会对SUAV的空气动力学产生重大影响。因此，在计算流体动力学（CFD）模拟中，通常需要模拟SUAV和螺旋桨耦合在一起。为了提高计算效率，可以通过使用动量源项将螺旋桨产生的推力和旋涡添加到流场中，在稳态视图中对螺旋桨进行建模。许多动量源项模型都基于叶片单元理论。叶片元件理论将叶片在翼展方向上划分为多个元件部分，并假设每个元件作为二维（2D）机翼独立运行。将两个小型螺旋桨的桨叶元素动量理论（BEMT）与高保真，随时间变化的3D雷诺平均Navier-Stokes（RANS）CFD模拟进行比较，以确定逼近与小型螺旋桨相关的复杂3D流量的精度。结果表明，当螺旋桨以很小的间距运行且叶片具有高纵横比且几乎没有弦变化时，BEMT可以合理地预测推力。但是，在较大的分离流区域和较低长宽比和弦变化的叶片中，BEMT的精度会降低。这项工作的第二个目的是为基于高保真，与时间相关的3D RANS CFD螺旋桨叶片仿真开发一个更精确的稳态代理模型，该模型用于传递给流的动量。简要讨论了此代理建模过程的概述。

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