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首页> 外文期刊>Seed & Crops Digest >The 'Crop Exemption' of the PLANT VARIETY PROTECTION ACT
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The 'Crop Exemption' of the PLANT VARIETY PROTECTION ACT

机译：植物品种保护法的“农作物豁免”

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As recognized by the United States Congress, the "development of new plant varieties is arduous, time-consuming and costly. That development can take many years without guarantee of success or profit. "By granting to the owner of a variety the right to prevent unauthorized sale of seed of that variety," the Plant Variety Protection Act (PVPA) provides the owner of the variety with the opportunity to recoup the costs of development. Indeed, prior to the enactment of the PVPA, fewer companies were willing to make significant investments in research and development of unique plant varieties. Congress believed that the protections afforded by the PVPA would encourage "investment in new varieties that respond to the changing needs of American agriculture." According to one court, the PVPA gives "farmers and gardeners more choice, make[s] American agricultural products more competitive in world markets, and ultimately result[s] in superior products more resistant to disease and infestation and higher inoverall yield and quality." The PVPA, itself, provides: It is the intent of Congress to provide the indicated protection for new varieties by exercise of any constitutional power needed for that end, so as to afford adequate encouragement for research, and for marketing when appropriate, to yield for the public the benefits of new varieties.
机译：正如美国国会所承认的那样，“植物新品种的开发工作艰巨，耗时且昂贵。这种开发可能需要很多年才能保证成功或获利。”未经授权出售该品种的种子，”《植物新品种保护法》（PVPA）为该品种的所有者提供了弥补开发成本的机会。实际上，在颁布《 PVPA》之前，很少有公司愿意国会认为，PVPA提供的保护措施将鼓励“投资新品种，以响应美国农业不断变化的需求。”据一个法院称，PVPA为“农民和园丁提供了更多选择，使美国农产品在世界市场上更具竞争力，并最终导致对疾病和侵染更具抵抗力的优质产品PVPA本身提供：国会的目的是通过行使为此目的所需的任何宪法权力，为新品种提供明确的保护，从而为研究提供足够的鼓励;以及在适当的时候进行营销，以使公众获得新品种的收益。

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