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首页> 外文期刊>Seminars in cutaneous medicine and surgery. >Community-acquired methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus skin infection.
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Community-acquired methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus skin infection.

机译：社区获得的耐甲氧西林的金黄色葡萄球菌皮肤感染。

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摘要

Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most common pathogens in skin and soft tissue infections, as well as in potentially serious nosocomial infections in patients who acquire it when hospitalized. Penicillin was introduced in the 1940's as an effective treatment against S. aureus. However, shortly after penicillin's introduction, penicillin resistance to S. aureus emerged due to a plasmid-mediated beta-lactamase enzyme. In 1959, a semisynthetic penicillin, methicillin was introduced to overcome the resistance problem. However, within a year, bacteria resistant to methicillin and other penicillinase stable beta-lactams, were present. Worldwide emergence of methicillin-resistant S aureus (MRSA) was established by the 1980's. Since that time, MRSA has become widespread in hospitals and long-term care facilities around the world, accounting for numerous nosocomial infections. Recently, there has been an alarming increase in the incidence of community-acquired MRSA (CA-MRSA). Patients with CA-MRSA began to be reported in the early 1990's and its prevalence has continued to increase. This paper summarizes the current information known about CA-MRSA as it relates to skin infections including populations at risk, clinical presentation, and treatment options.
机译：金黄色葡萄球菌是皮肤和软组织感染中最常见的病原体之一，在住院的患者中也可能是严重的医院感染。青霉素于1940年代被引入作为抗金黄色葡萄球菌的有效治疗方法。然而，在引入青霉素后不久，由于质粒介导的β-内酰胺酶，青霉素对金黄色葡萄球菌产生了抗性。 1959年，为了克服耐药性问题，引入了半合成青霉素甲氧西林。然而，在一年之内，就出现了对甲氧西林和其他青霉素酶稳定的β-内酰胺类耐药的细菌。耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）的全球出现是在1980年代。自那时以来，MRSA已在世界各地的医院和长期护理机构中广泛传播，导致了许多医院感染。最近，社区获得性MRSA（CA-MRSA）的发生率惊人地增加。 1990年代初开始报道了CA-MRSA患者，其患病率持续上升。本文总结了有关CA-MRSA的最新信息，因为它与皮肤感染有关，包括高危人群，临床表现和治疗选择。

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