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Removal of arsenic and pesticides from drinking water by nanofiltration membranes

机译：纳滤膜去除饮用水中的砷和农药

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摘要

The removal of arsenic and pesticides from natural ground water from the Slavonia region,Croatia,by two commercial nanofiltration membranes(NF270 and NFc)was investigated.The nanofiltration membranes and a comparing reverse osmosis membrane were first examined using sodium dibasic arsenate solution and judged against their performances using sodium chloride and sodium sulfate solutions.The rejections of the sodium dibasic arsenate as well as the arsenate anion from the natural groundwater by the nanofiltration membranes are satisfactory high,and one of the nanofiltration membranes exhibit the superior permeation rate values.The outstanding permeation rate values of these membranes in relation to the reverse osmosis membrane promise a noteworthy decrease of energy consumption and energy costs for the process when using these membranes.The prevailing mechanism of ion retention by the negatively charged nanofiltration membranes is the charge exclusion.The size exclusion mechanism is also important but not sufficient for the uncharged organic molecules rejection.The membrane material and the membrane pore size distribution(PSD)also influence the uncharged organic molecules rejections.The rejections of pesticides are reasonably high,and besides the size effect,the specific physicochemical phenomena should be considered in order to understand their rejection by the nanofiltration membranes.
机译：研究了两种商用纳滤膜（NF270和NFC）从克罗地亚斯拉沃尼亚地区的天然地下水中除去砷和农药的方法。首先使用二元砷酸钠溶液检查了纳滤膜和对比的反渗透膜，并判断其是否为反渗透膜。纳滤膜对天然地下水中的二价砷酸钠和砷酸根离子的排泄率令人满意，并且其中一种纳滤膜表现出优异的渗透率值。这些膜相对于反渗透膜的渗透率值有望显着降低使用这些膜时工艺的能耗和能源成本。带负电的纳滤膜保留离子的主要机理是电荷排斥。排除机制也是膜材料和膜孔径分布（PSD）也会影响不带电有机分子的排阻。农药的排阻率相当高，除尺寸效应外，还应有特定的理化现象为了理解它们被纳滤膜的排斥而考虑。

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