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Rejection of dairy salts by a nanofiltration membrane

机译：通过纳滤膜拒绝乳制品盐

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摘要

The rej ection behaviour of a nanofiltration membrane during the permeation of a salt solution typical of that found in dairy ultrafiltration permeate is described. It was shown that there was no one dominating separation mechanism, but rather the rejection behaviour was a function of both charge interactions and solute size. In simple binary solutions of KCl, it was shown that the pH dependent ion rejection minimum was at a higher pH value than the previously measured surface isoelectric point. This result suggested that the isoelectric point of the internal pore structure was higher than that on the surface. Addition of CaCl2 resulted in the permeation of monovalent salts being highest at the pH values close to the natural pH of the ultrafiltraton permeate (pH 6.7-6.9). Conversely, the rejection of the multivalent anions, phosphate and citrate was highest at high pH values. In both cases, the rejection of calcium was enhanced at high pH values. This was due to binding of Ca~(2+) and the multivalent anion to create charged species that are both electrostatically and sterically rejected by the membrane.
机译：描述了在乳品超滤渗透物中常见的盐溶液渗透过程中，纳滤膜的排斥行为。结果表明，没有一种主要的分离机理，但是排斥行为是电荷相互作用和溶质大小的函数。在简单的KCl二元溶液中，已表明，pH依赖性离子排斥最小值在比先前测得的表面等电点更高的pH值上。该结果表明内部孔结构的等电点高于表面上的等电点。 CaCl 2的添加导致单价盐的渗透在接近超滤膜渗透物的自然pH（pH 6.7-6.9）的pH值下最高。相反，在高pH值下，多价阴离子，磷酸根和柠檬酸的排斥率最高。在这两种情况下，在高pH值下，钙的排斥均会增强。这是由于Ca〜（2+）和多价阴离子的结合产生了带电荷的物质，该物质被膜静电和空间排斥。

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