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Membrane separation of liquid-like droplets

机译：膜状液滴的膜分离

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摘要

Liquid (like) droplets may be separated from the continuous phase in which they are dispersed by employing a membrane. Because droplets are deformable, the separation is not simply based on size; droplets may deform sufficiently to enter pores that are much smaller than the droplets themselves. Such a deformation requires a certain critical pressure drop, DELTApc. Assuming the geometry of the droplet is determined by a natural tendency for a minimum surface area, DELTAP_c can be shown to depend on the surface tension y, the contact angle 9, and the ratio a of the radii of droplet and pore, r_d and r_p, respectively. When 100% retention is required, DELTAP_C should not be exceeded and, hence, this pressure drop corresponds to the highest attainable (critical) flux N_c. An almost linear increase is predicted for DELTAp_c with a. Despite the monotone increase of DELTAp_c, the critical flux N_c shows a maximum at a ~ - 2/cos(PHI). Hence, on the basis of a and 8 an optimal membrane selection can be made. In the absence of affinity (PHI = PI), the pore radius should be approximately two times larger then the initial droplet radius. When affinity is not negligible, the pore radius required to maintain complete retention increases rapidly, i.e., the maximum critical flux decreases and is observed at larger a. The largest change in maximum attainable N_c with the contact angle is observed at 9 = 0.75 n.
机译：可以通过使用膜将液体（类）液滴与分散在其中的连续相分离。因为液滴是可变形的，所以分离不仅仅基于尺寸。液滴可能会充分变形，以进入比液滴本身小得多的孔中。这种变形需要一定的临界压降DELTApc。假设液滴的几何形状由最小表面积的自然趋势决定，则DELTAP_c可以显示为取决于表面张力y，接触角9以及液滴半径与孔半径的比a，r_d和r_p ， 分别。当要求保持100％时，不应超过DELTAP_C，因此，此压降对应于可获得的最高（临界）通量N_c。预测DELTAp_c的线性增长几乎为a。尽管DELTAp_c单调增加，但临界通量N_c在〜-2 / cos（PHI）处显示最大值。因此，基于a和8，可以进行最佳的膜选择。在没有亲和力的情况下（PHI = PI），孔半径应约为初始液滴半径的两倍。当亲和力不可忽略时，保持完全保留所需的孔半径迅速增加，即，最大临界通量减小并且在较大的α处观察到。在9 = 0.75 n处观察到最大可达到N_c随接触角的最大变化。

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