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首页> 外文期刊>Social choice and welfare >Living with unfairness: The limits of equal opportunity in a market economy
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Living with unfairness: The limits of equal opportunity in a market economy

机译：不公平地生活：市场经济中机会均等的局限

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摘要

Equality of opportunity is often presented as a criterion which reconciles egalitarianism with principles of freedom and responsibility. This paper distinguishes between the principle of starting-line equality, which requires that everyones initial opportunities, assessed in relation to what is publicly known ex ante, are equal, and the principle that equal efforts should yield equal ex post rewards. It argues that the first principle is compatible with allocation of resources through markets but, because of the division of knowledge, the second is not. If we want the opportunities which markets give us, we have to accept ex post unfairness.
机译：机会均等通常被视为使平等主义与自由和责任原则协调一致的标准。本文区分了起跑线平等原则（该原则要求每个人在事前评估的初始机会均等）与平等努力应产生相等的事后报酬的原则之间的区别。它认为第一个原则与通过市场进行资源分配是兼容的，但是由于知识的分配，第二个原则就不兼容。如果我们想要市场给我们的机会，我们必须接受事后的不公平待遇。

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