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Mobility for care workers: Job changes and wages for nurse aides

机译：护理人员的流动性：护士助手的工作变动和工资

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The long-term care industry in the United States faces serious recruitment and retention problems among nurse aides. At the same time, these low-wage workers may feel trapped in poorly-paid jobs from which they would do well to leave. Despite this tension, not enough is known about how workers fare when they leave (or stay in) such care work. Using longitudinal data from the Survey of Income and Program Participation for the years 1996-2003, we examine the relationship between different job and occupational mobility patterns and wage outcomes for nurse aides, focusing on which job transitions offer better opportunities to earn higher wages and on whether job transition patterns differ by race. Our results confirm high turnover among nurse aides, with 73 percent of the sample working in occupations other than nurse aide at some point during the survey time frame. About half of respondents that transition out of nurse aide work move into higher-paying occupations, although the percentage of transitions to higher paying occupations drops to 35 percent when nurse aides that become RNs are excluded. Among black workers especially, wage penalties for moving into other jobs in the low-wage labor market appear to be rather small, likely a factor in high turnover among nurse aides. The findings illustrate the importance of occupation-specific mobility trajectories and their outcomes for different groups of workers, and for understanding the constrained decisions these workers make.
机译：在美国，长期护理行业在护士助手中面临严重的招聘和保留问题。同时，这些低薪工人可能会陷入低薪的工作中，而他们很容易离开。尽管存在这种紧张关系，但人们对工人离开（或留在）此类护理工作时的票价了解得还不够。我们使用1996-2003年收入与计划参与度调查的纵向数据，研究了护士助理的不同工作和职业流动模式与工资结果之间的关系，重点研究了哪些工作转变提供了更高的机会来获得更高的工资，以及工作过渡模式是否因种族而异。我们的结果证实了护士助手的离职率很高，在调查期间的某个时间点，有73％的样本在护士助手以外的职业中工作。从护士助理工作过渡到高薪职业的受访者约有一半，尽管如果排除成为RN的护士助理，则过渡到高薪职业的百分比降至35％。尤其是在黑人工人中，在低工资劳动力市场上从事其他工作的工资罚款似乎很小，这可能是护士助手离职率高的一个因素。研究结果说明了针对特定职业的流动轨迹及其对不同类型工人的重要性，以及对于理解这些工人做出的限制性决定的重要性。

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