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首页> 外文期刊>Social science and medicine >The weaker sex? Exploring lay understandings of gender differences in life expectancy: a qualitative study.
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The weaker sex? Exploring lay understandings of gender differences in life expectancy: a qualitative study.

机译：性能力较弱？探索对预期寿命中性别差异的非常规理解：定性研究。

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摘要

Despite increasing interest in gender and health, 'lay' perceptions of gender differences in mortality have been neglected. Drawing on semi-structured interview data from 45 men and women in two age cohorts (born in the early 1950s and 1970s) in the UK, we investigated lay explanations for women's longer life expectancy. Our data suggest that respondents were aware of women's increased longevity, but found this difficult to explain. While many accounts were multifactorial, socio-cultural explanations were more common, more detailed and less tentative than biological explanations. Different socio-cultural explanations (i.e. gendered social roles, 'macho' constraints on men and gender differences in health-related behaviours) were linked by the perception that life expectancy would converge as men and women's lives became more similar. Health behaviours such as going to the doctor or drinking alcohol were often located within wider structural contexts. Female respondents were more likely to focus on women's reproductive and caring roles, while male respondents were more likely to focus on how men were disadvantaged by their 'provider' role. We locate these narratives within academic debates about conceptualising gender: e.g. 'gender as structure' versus 'gender as performance', 'gender as difference' versus 'gender as diversity'.
机译：尽管人们对性别与健康越来越感兴趣，但人们对死亡率中性别差异的“外行”认识却被忽略了。根据英国两个年龄段（出生于1950年代和1970年代）的45位男女的半结构化访谈数据，我们调查了女性预期寿命更长的非常规解释。我们的数据表明，受访者意识到女性寿命的延长，但是发现这一点很难解释。尽管许多解释是多因素的，但与生物学的解释相比，社会文化的解释更普遍，更详尽且暂定。人们认为，随着男人和女人的生活变得越来越相似，预期寿命将趋于一致，因此人们将不同的社会文化解释联系起来（例如，性别角色，男人的“男子气概”约束和与健康相关的行为中的性别差异）。健康行为，例如去看医生或喝酒，通常位于较广泛的结构范围内。女性受访者更可能专注于女性的生殖和关怀角色，而男性受访者则更专注于男性如何因其“提供者”角色而处于不利地位。我们在关于性别概念化的学术辩论中找到了这些叙述： “性别即结构”与“性别即绩效”，“性别即差异”与“性别即多样性”。

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