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首页> 外文期刊>Sociology of health & illness >Good sex/bad sex: The individualised focus of US HIV prevention policy in sub-Saharan Africa, 1995-2005
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Good sex/bad sex: The individualised focus of US HIV prevention policy in sub-Saharan Africa, 1995-2005

机译：性/不良性行为：1995-2005年美国在撒哈拉以南非洲的艾滋病预防政策的个性化重点

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The expanding reliance on the health sciences to address social problems is well documented, as are the effects of the social construction of public (health) problems on 'target' populations, intervention design and broader social systems. Less attention has been given in the literature to the cultural meanings that configure public health efforts themselves. This study demonstrates how the cultural understandings of sex and sexuality that inform US human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention policy in sub-Saharan Africa shape policy recommendations. Based on an analysis of 119 US policy documents, a relatively stable and highly gendered narrative of sexual risk was found across the Clinton and (G.W.) Bush administrations. This narrative locates HIV risk in (what is constructed to be) the inevitable clash between women's sexuality and men's sexuality, and delineates HIV risk by the form of relationship in which sex occurs. The two narratives diverge at this point, offering different definitions of 'bad' sex and 'good' sex. This divergence helps to explain the different prevention foci of the administrations - condoms during the Clinton era and abstinence-outside-of-marriage during the Bush administration. In both cases, the sexual risk narrative points to individual targeted prevention strategies, even as the policy identifies structural factors as driving global HIV epidemics.
机译：有证据表明，越来越多的人依靠卫生科学来解决社会问题，以及公共（健康）问题的社会建设对“目标”人群，干预措施和更广泛的社会系统的影响。在文献中很少注意那些本身构成公共卫生工作的文化含义。这项研究表明，对性和性行为的文化理解如何为撒哈拉以南非洲的美国人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）预防政策提供信息。根据对119份美国政策文件的分析，整个克林顿政府和（G.W.）布什政府都发现了一个相对稳定且性别高度针对性的叙述。该叙述将艾滋病毒的风险定位在（被构造为）妇女的性与男子的性之间的不可避免的冲突中，并通过发生性关系的形式来描述艾滋病毒的风险。这两种叙述在这一点上是不同的，为“不良”性和“良好”性提供了不同的定义。这种分歧有助于解释政府不同的预防重点-克林顿时代的避孕套和布什政府时期的禁欲外婚姻。在这两种情况下，性风险的叙述都指向有针对性的预防策略，即使该策略确定了导致全球艾滋病流行的结构性因素。

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