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首页> 外文期刊>Soil Biology & Biochemistry >Distribution of Aspergillus section Flavi in soils of maize fields in three agroecological zones of Nigeria
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Distribution of Aspergillus section Flavi in soils of maize fields in three agroecological zones of Nigeria

机译：尼日利亚三个农业生态区玉米田土壤中黄曲霉的分布

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摘要

Fungal communities in soils of Nigerian maize fields were examined to determine distributions of aflatoxin-producing fungi and to identify endemic atoxigenic strains of potential value as biological control agents for limiting aflatoxin contamination in West African crops. Over 1000 isolates belonging to Aspergillus section Flavi were collected from soil of 55 Nigerian maize fields located in three agroecological zones by dilution plating onto modified Rose Bengal agar. The most common member of Aspergillus section Flavi (85% of isolates) was the A. flavus L- strain followed by the unnamed taxon known as strain S sub(BG) (8%), A. tamarii (6%) and A. parasiticus (1%). Highest incidence of S sub(BG) was in Zaria district, and lowest was in Ogbomosho and Ado-Ekiti districts. Only 44% of 492 A. flavus isolates produced aflatoxins in liquid fermentation (limit of detection 5 ng g super(-1)). Thirty-two percent of the A. flavus isolates produced >1 mu g g super(-1) total aflatoxins but no A. flavus isolate produced G aflatoxins. When the agroecological zones were compared, significantly (P < 0.05) greater proportions of aflatoxigenic A. flavus isolates were found in the Northern Guinea Savannah (61%) than in Southern Guinea Savannah (31%). The Derived Savannah was intermediate between the other two agroecological zones. Each of the regions had atoxigenic strains of potential value as biological control agents. All S sub(BG) and A. parasiticus isolates produced both B and G aflatoxins and greater than 300 mu g g super(-1) total aflatoxins. S sub(BG) and A. parasiticus isolates were the greatest contributors to the aflatoxin-producing potential of fungal communities in regions where these isolates occurred.
机译：检查了尼日利亚玉米田土壤中的真菌群落，以确定产生黄曲霉毒素的真菌的分布，并确定了具有潜在价值的地方性产毒毒素菌株，作为限制西非作物中黄曲霉毒素污染的生物防治剂。通过稀释接种在改良的玫瑰孟加拉琼脂上，从位于三个农业生态区的55个尼日利亚玉米田的土壤中收集了1000多株黄曲霉菌的分离株。黄曲霉部分最常见的成员是黄曲霉（分离株的85％），其次是黄曲霉L菌株，其后是命名为S sub（BG）菌株的未命名分类群（8％），塔马里曲霉（6％）和A.寄生虫（1％）。 S sub（BG）发生率最高的地区是扎里亚地区，最低的是Ogbomosho和Ado-Ekiti地区。 492个黄曲霉分离株中只有44％在液体发酵中产生了黄曲霉毒素（检测极限为5 ng g super（-1））。 32％的黄曲霉分离株产生的总黄曲霉毒素含量> 1微克g（-1），但没有黄曲霉分离株产生G黄曲霉毒素。比较农业生态区时，发现几内亚北部大草原（61％）比南几内亚南部大草原（31％）具有更大比例的黄曲霉菌黄曲霉分离株（P <0.05）。衍生大草原位于其他两个农业生态区之间。每个区域都有作为生物防治剂具有潜在价值的产毒菌株。所有的S sub（BG）和拟寄生曲霉分离株均产生B和G黄曲霉毒素，以及总300克以上的super（-1）总黄曲霉毒素。 S sub（BG）和拟寄生曲霉菌株是产生这些菌株的地区真菌群落黄曲霉毒素生产潜力的最大贡献者。

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