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Dietary Flavonoids as Potential Neuroprotectants

机译：膳食类黄酮作为潜在的神经保护剂

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摘要

There is an increasing awareness of the role of certain nutritional components, including dietary flavonoids found in fruit, vegetables and beverages, in the maintenance of health and prevention of chronic diseases. In this regard, recent studies highlight an exciting role with respect to their potential neuroprotective actions, in particular towards deficits commonly observed with aging, such as reduced performance of cognitive, memory and learning tasks. These neurological functions, and possible mechanisms involved in controlling them, can be influenced by supplementation of single dietary flavonoids, or as part of a flavonoid-rich preparation. With this, a renewed emphasis is aimed at further understanding their modes and sites of action. Moreover a common theme among many in vitro studies examining mechanisms of neuroprotection is the failure to include biologically relevant metabolites of the flavonoids known to enter the circulation, and thus most likely to be bioavailable to cells and tissues. This oversight will ultimately influence the mechanisms of action proposed to explain the neuroprotection observed in animals and human studies. As such, emerging findings suggest a variety of potential mechanisms of action of flavonoids and their bioavailable metabolites in cytoprotection against oxidative stress, which may be independent of conventional antioxidant reducing activities. Such mechanisms might involve their interaction with cell signalling cascades, their influence on gene expression and the down regulation of pathways leading to cell death.
机译：人们日益意识到某些营养成分（包括水果，蔬菜和饮料中的饮食类黄酮）在维持健康和预防慢性疾病中的作用。在这方面，最近的研究强调了在其潜在的神经保护作用方面的令人兴奋的作用，特别是对于衰老中常见的缺陷，例如认知，记忆和学习任务的表现下降。这些神经功能以及控制它们的可能机制可能受单一饮食类黄酮的补充影响，或作为富含类黄酮的制剂的一部分受到影响。因此，新的重点是进一步了解他们的行动方式和行动地点。此外，在许多研究神经保护机制的体外研究中，一个共同的主题是未能包括已知进入循环的类黄酮的生物相关代谢产物，因此最有可能被细胞和组织生物利用。这种监督最终将影响提议用来解释在动物和人类研究中观察到的神经保护作用的作用机制。因此，新出现的发现表明类黄酮及其生物可利用代谢物在抗氧化应激的细胞保护中具有多种潜在的作用机制，这可能与常规的抗氧化剂还原活性无关。这种机制可能涉及它们与细胞信号级联反应，它们对基因表达的影响以及导致细胞死亡的途径的下调。

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