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首页> 外文期刊>South African Journal of Geology: Being the Transaction of the Geological Society of South African: Syndie die Verhandelinge van die Geologiese Vereniging van Suid-Afrika >MORPHOLOGY, MINERALOGY AND GEOCHEMISTRY OF A LATERITIC SOIL SEQUENCE DEVELOPED ON MICASCHIST IN THE ABONG-MBANG REGION, SOUTHEAST CAMEROON
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MORPHOLOGY, MINERALOGY AND GEOCHEMISTRY OF A LATERITIC SOIL SEQUENCE DEVELOPED ON MICASCHIST IN THE ABONG-MBANG REGION, SOUTHEAST CAMEROON

机译：喀麦隆东南部阿邦-孟邦地区云母片上发育的红壤性土壤序列的形态，矿物学和地球化学

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The aim of the study was to highlight the morphological, mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of soils developed on micaschists without garnet and on interfluve with plan tabular summit which dominate the landscape below 800 m above sea level in the rainforest zone of southern Cameroon. Morphologically, these lateritic soils are more than 10 m thick. They are constituted of height major horizons regrouped into indurated and loose materials. Indurated material predominates in the median part of the profiles in the form of gleabular ferruginous horizons and downstream above the water table in the form of toeslope ferruginous accumulation horizons. These horizons, which can reach 4 to 5 m thick on the slopes, are constituted mainly of goethite and hematite, these two iron oxides being always associated to kaolinite. In this mineral paragenesis, the presence of goethite is the result of the disruption of kaolinite-hematite association which characterizes the primary iron duricrust under hydratation, redox processes confirmed by Eh values between 0.09 and 0.12 volt and biological activities. The released iron may he exported and partially retained in the lower part of the interfluve and accumulate in the form of toeslope ferruginous accumulation horizons bearing goethite and in the weathering horizon where it forms iron rich nodules in the alloteritic horizon. In the loose material, composed of weathering horizons at the base of the profiles, loose clayey horizons at the surface and also fine earth between nodules, pebbles or iron duricrust blocks of the glaebular ferruginous horizons, kaolinite is the predominant mineral. Iron oxides, although weakly represented, remain in sufficient quantity to print vivid colorations to these horizons. In the profile, this results, geochemically, in the occurrence of high content, of iron, but also of aluminium and silicon, combined in the form of kaolinite, as attests by the atomic ratio Si/Al generally between 0.9 and 1.3. These lateritic soils are characterized firstly by the presence of muscovite which is an indication of autochthony of soils developed on micaschists without garnet and, secondly by the abundance of impregnated ferruginous nodules in the alloteritic horizon, which marks a specific continuous nodulation different from observations already made on lateritic soils developed on other rocks in south Cameroon Plateau.
机译：这项研究的目的是强调在没有石榴石的云母和与平板状峰顶交汇处发育的土壤的形态，矿物学和地球化学特征，该峰主宰喀麦隆南部雨林区海拔800 m以下的景观。从形态上讲，这些红土的厚度超过10 m。它们由高度主要视域组成，这些高度视域重新分为硬质材料和松散材料。硬质材料主要以小叶状铁质层位的形式分布在剖面的中部，而水位以上以趾坡铁质层状沉积层的形式占主导地位。这些层段的坡度可达4至5 m，主要由针铁矿和赤铁矿组成，这两种氧化铁始终与高岭石结合。在这种矿物共生中，针铁矿的存在是高岭石-赤铁矿缔合的破坏结果，其特征是水合过程中的初生铁粉铁锈，氧化还原过程（Eh值介于0.09至0.12伏之间）和生物活性。释放出的铁可能出口并部分留在分流槽的下部，并以带有针铁矿的边坡铁质堆积层的形式聚集，并在风化层中以异铁质层的形式形成富铁结节。在松散的材料中，高岭石是主要的矿物，其由剖面底部的风化层，地表的松散的粘土层以及在小球状铁质层的结核，小卵石或铁球铁块之间的细土组成。氧化铁尽管含量微弱，但仍足以向这些视界印刷生动的色彩。在剖面中，这在地球化学上导致了高含量铁，铝和硅的结合，并以高岭石的形式结合在一起，证明硅/铝原子比通常在0.9至1.3之间。这些红土土壤的特征首先是白云母的存在，这表明在没有石榴石的云母上发展了土壤的自生化，其次是在异特质视野中浸渍了大量的铁质结核，这标志着与已经观察到的特定连续结瘤在喀麦隆高原其他岩石上发育的红土土壤上。

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