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首页> 外文期刊>Soil Science and Plant Nutrition >Alleviating soil sickness caused by aerobic monocropping: Responses of aerobic rice to various nitrogen sources
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Alleviating soil sickness caused by aerobic monocropping: Responses of aerobic rice to various nitrogen sources

机译：缓解需氧单作造成的土壤病：需氧水稻对各种氮源的响应

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Yield decline resulting from continuous cropping of aerobic rice is a constraint to the widespread adoption of aerobic rice technology. Shifts in water management from flooded to aerobic conditions are known to influence the availability and form of N present in the soil and might require a different approach to N management in aerobic rice. The present study was conducted to determine the effects of different N sources on the plant growth and grain yield of aerobic rice. Four pot experiments were conducted in which rice was aerobically grown in soil that was taken from fields where aerobic rice has been cultivated for 11 consecutive seasons and an adjacent field where flooded rice has been grown continuously. Nitrogen was applied as ammonium sulfate, urea, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate and potassium nitrate at four N rates of 0.3, 0.6, 0.9 and 1.2 g N pot(-1). Two unfertilized controls consisting of soil that was either untreated or oven heated at 120 degrees C for 12 h were also included. Plants were sampled during the vegetative stage or at maturity to measure plant growth, N uptake, grain yield and the yield components. Growth of aerobic rice in aerobic soil was generally better with the application of ammonium-N than nitrate-N. Potassium nitrate decreased plant growth and caused plant death at the high N rate. Ammonium sulfate was more effective in improving the vegetative plant growth, N nutrition and grain yield of aerobic rice than urea at the high N rates. The application of ammonium sulfate achieved the same and even better plant growth than the soil oven-heating treatment. These results suggest that there is a possibility of reversing the yield decline observed in the continuous aerobic rice system by using the right source of N fertilizer at the optimal rate.
机译：连续种植好氧稻导致的产量下降是有氧稻技术广泛采用的制约因素。众所周知，水管理从淹水状态向需氧状态的转变会影响土壤中氮的有效性和形态，并可能需要对有氧水稻进行氮管理的方法有所不同。本研究旨在确定不同氮源对有氧水稻植株生长和籽粒产量的影响。进行了四个盆栽实验，在有氧水稻连续种植了11个季节的地方和邻近的水稻被连续种植的地方的土壤中，有氧地种植水稻。氮以0.3 N，0.6 N，0.9 N和1.2 g N Pot（-1）的四种氮比率施用，分别为硫酸铵，尿素，氯化铵，硝酸铵和硝酸钾。还包括两个未施肥的对照，它们由未经处理或在120摄氏度的烤箱中加热12小时的土壤组成。在营养期或成熟期对植物进行采样，以测量植物的生长，氮素吸收，谷物产量和产量组成。施用铵态氮比在硝态氮条件下，好氧水稻在好氧土壤中的生长通常更好。硝酸钾在高氮含量下会降低植物的生长并导致植物死亡。在高氮水平下，硫酸铵比尿素对改善有氧水稻的营养植物生长，氮营养和谷物产量更有效。与土壤烘箱加热处理相比，硫酸铵的施用获得了相同甚至更好的植物生长。这些结果表明，通过以最佳比例使用正确的氮肥来源，有可能扭转连续需氧水稻系统中观察到的单产下降。

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