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首页> 外文期刊>Southeastern naturalist >Development and Validation of Habitat Models for the Threatened Blackside Dace, Chrosomus cumberlandensis, at Two Spatial Scales
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Development and Validation of Habitat Models for the Threatened Blackside Dace, Chrosomus cumberlandensis, at Two Spatial Scales

机译：在两个空间尺度上受威胁的黑面D（Chrosomus cumberlandensis）栖息地模型的开发和验证

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摘要

Chrosomus cumberlandensis (Blackside Dace) is a small-bodied, freshwater fish endemic to the upper Cumberland River system in southeastern Kentucky and northeastern Tennessee. A detailed study of its habitat requirements using presence-absence data has not been published to date. Identification of important habitat variables at multiple spatial scales would facilitate proactive management and recovery of this federally listed species. Using logistic regression, we developed and validated habitat models of Blackside Dace presence as a function of environmental variables measured at two spatial scales (i.e., stream and reach). For model development, map-produced and field-collected variables were gathered for 91 waterways at the stream scale and 72 localities at the 200-m reach scale during summer. Our initial models predicted the likelihood of Blackside Dace presence to be optimized in streams with crude gradient between 1% and 6%, and in reaches with a turbidity ≤10 NTU, dissolved oxygen >8.5 mg/L, summer water temperatures between 14.6 ℃ and 18.5 ℃, conductivity <240 μS, percent riffle between 35% and 50%, and link magnitude between 3 and 6, although the species was occasionally observed in locations with conditions outside of this predicted optimal range. We then validated the models by collecting additional data from 27 new streams and 47 new reaches. Model performance was assessed with Cohen's kappa (κ). The strongest models included conductivity as a predictor variable, with the combination of conductivity and temperature producing the strongest performance (κ = 0.41). Models containing crude gradient, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, and percent riffle generally did not perform well upon validation. Our findings suggest that conductivity, water temperature, and link magnitude are three important reach-scale variables for resource managers to consider when conserving populations of Blackside Dace.
机译：Chrosomus cumberlandensis（Blackside Dace）是肯塔基州东南部和田纳西州东北部的坎伯兰河上游地区特有的小体淡水鱼。迄今为止，还没有使用存在数据对它的栖息地需求进行详细研究。在多个空间尺度上识别重要的栖息地变量将有利于这种联邦列出物种的主动管理和恢复。使用logistic回归，我们开发并验证了Blackside Dace的栖息地模型，该模型是在两个空间尺度上（即溪流和河段）测量的环境变量的函数。为了进行模型开发，夏季采集了91条航道的水位图和72个局部200米范围的地图生成和现场收集的变量。我们的初始模型预测，在粗梯度介于1％和6％之间，浊度≤10 NTU，溶解氧> 8.5 mg / L，夏季水温在14.6℃到14.6℃之间的河段中，Blackside Dace的存在可能得到优化。 18.5℃，电导率<240μS，裂痕百分率在35％至50％之间，链接幅度在3至6之间，尽管有时在超出此最佳范围的条件下观察到该物种。然后，我们通过从27个新数据流和47个新数据流中收集其他数据来验证模型。使用Cohen的kappa（κ）评估模型性能。最强的模型包括电导率作为预测变量，电导率和温度的组合产生最强的性能（κ= 0.41）。包含粗略梯度，浊度，溶解氧和浅滩百分比的模型通常在验证后效果不佳。我们的发现表明，电导率，水温和连接强度是资源管理者在保护Blackside Dace种群时要考虑的三个重要的扩展规模变量。

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