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Preliminary study on biomechanics of vertebroplasty: a computational fluid dynamics and solid mechanics combined approach.

机译：椎体成形术生物力学的初步研究：一种计算流体力学和固体力学相结合的方法。

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STUDY DESIGN: Algorithm development for the automatic finite element modeling of patient vertebra. OBJECTIVE: To present a technique for automatic generation of patient specific computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models for intraosseous PMMA cement flow simulation. The secondary objective is to demonstrate the possibility of using resultant PMMA cement distribution for post-PVP stress-strain analyses. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: There are no noninvasive methods for the visualization of PMMA cement flow. In addition, optimum volume and distribution of PMMA cement are still not known. Computational models that allow patient specific intraosseous PMMA cement flow visualization as well as postvertebroplasty mechanical evaluation would be advantageous. METHODS: We developed an algorithm coded into a custom platform that inputs patient CT datasets. Hounsfield unit values were used to assign permeability values as well as modulus to the finite element model before analyses. Several user inputs are required, and these reflect the decisions made by physicians that practice vertebroplasty. As a case study, we isolated a single L1 vertebra from patient CT dataset and used our platform for model generation. Simulated vertebroplasty was performed for different PMMA cement volumes and at different placements to study the effects of varying distribution. RESULTS: Increased needle injection pressure was observed as the volume of PMMA increases and as the distribution of PMMA is in close proximity to the cortical walls. Stiffness of augmented vertebral body also increases with increased volume of PMMA administered. Varying distributions, for the same volume, of PMMA cement did not alter stiffness drastically. CONCLUSION: Our custom platform and technique for modeling vertebral bodies may contribute significantly to the science of vertebroplasty. Intraosseous PMMA cement flow can be visualized before vertebroplasty, and needle position altered for optimization. Also, parametric computational studies on the postvertebroplasty biomechanical effects of vertebroplasty are now enhanced with such a modeling capability.
机译：研究设计：用于患者椎骨自动有限元建模的算法开发。目的：提出一种自动生成用于骨内PMMA水泥流动模拟的患者特定计算流体动力学（CFD）模型的技术。第二个目的是证明使用所得PMMA水泥分布进行PVP后应力应变分析的可能性。背景数据摘要：没有用于PMMA水泥流动可视化的非侵入性方法。另外，PMMA水泥的最佳体积和分布仍然未知。允许患者特定的骨内PMMA水泥流动可视化以及椎体成形术后力学评估的计算模型将是有利的。方法：我们开发了一种编码到自定义平台中的算法，该平台可以输入患者CT数据集。在分析之前，使用Hounsfield单位值将渗透率值和模量分配给有限元模型。需要几个用户输入，并且这些输入反映了医师进行椎体成形术的决定。作为案例研究，我们从患者CT数据集中分离出一个L1椎骨，并使用我们的平台进行了模型生成。针对不同的PMMA水泥体积和在不同的放置位置进行了模拟椎体成形术，以研究不同分布的影响。结果：随着PMMA体积的增加以及PMMA的分布非常靠近皮质壁，观察到了针头注射压力的增加。椎体增强的刚度也随着PMMA给药量的增加而增加。对于相同体积的PMMA水泥，变化的分布不会显着改变刚度。结论：我们定制的用于椎体建模的定制平台和技术可能对椎骨成形术科学做出重大贡献。可以在椎体成形术之前观察到骨内PMMA水泥的流动情况，并更改针头位置以进行优化。同样，现在通过这种建模功能可以增强椎体成形术后生物力学效应的参数计算研究。

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