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首页> 外文期刊>Biological Conservation >Ecological strategies for managing tamarisk on the CM Russell National Wildlife Refuge, Montana, USA
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Ecological strategies for managing tamarisk on the CM Russell National Wildlife Refuge, Montana, USA

机译：美国蒙大拿州CM Russell国家野生动物保护区管理柳的生态策略

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Tamarisk (Tamarix ramosissima) is an introduced shrub or small tree associated with the loss of biological diversity in riparian habitat throughout much of western North America. Control measures are often expensive and ineffective, so land managers need site-specific information to guide cost-effective integrated management strategies. We sampled 12 randomly selected tamarisk-infested inlets on Fort Peck Reservoir on the C.M. Russell National Wildlife Refuge stratified by stream basin size. At each site we sampled 2-5 stands of riparian vegetation, recording plot elevation, canopy cover of vascular plants, density of woody species and age estimates for representative woody plants. Tamarisk plants 1-3 years old were abundant in the drawdown zone along the shore of Fort Peck Reservoir. The lack of plants older than three years indicates that tamarisk in the drawdown zone were destroyed during a recent two summers of inundation and suggests that three months of inundation will kill tamarisk plants. The oldest (17-22 years) and largest tamarisk plants in the study area were found in the full-pool zone and were recruited in periods of significant drawdown following high-water years. Tamarisk was uncommon in cottonwood and silver sagebrush stands on stream terraces above full pool. Only the largest streams in our study area appeared capable of supporting tamarisk and significant native riparian vegetation. Tamarisk plants at or above full pool level should be removed in these drainages to prevent upstream invasion and loss of native species. The level of the reservoir should be raised to the level of full pool for three consecutive months during the growing season every 3-5 years to prevent development of extensive stands of tamarisk in the drawdown zone capable of producing large quantities of seed.
机译：mar柳（Tamarix ramosissima）是一种引入的灌木或小树，与北美西部大部分地区的河岸生境的生物多样性丧失有关。控制措施通常是昂贵且无效的，因此土地管理人员需要特定地点的信息来指导具有成本效益的综合管理策略。我们在C.M.的Fort Peck水库采样了12个随机选择的柳感染的入口。罗素国家野生动物保护区按流域大小分层。在每个站点，我们对2-5个河岸植被进行采样，记录样地高程，维管植物的冠层覆盖，木质物种的密度以及代表性木质植物的年龄估计。沿着佩克堡水库岸边的水位下降区，1-3年的柳植物丰富。缺少三年以上的植物表明，在最近两个夏季的浸水中，缩水区的粉红色菊被破坏，这表明三个月的浸没将杀死粉红色的菊苣植物。在研究区中发现最老的（17-22年）和最大的柳植物，并在高水位年之后的显着下降时期被招募。 mar柳在白杨木中很少见，而银艾树苗站在满池的溪流露台上。在我们研究区域中，只有最大的溪流才显示出能够支撑柳和大量原生河岸植被的能力。在这些排水系统中，应清除全池水位以上的full柳植物，以防止上游入侵和本地物种的流失。在生长季中，应每3-5年将水库的水位连续3个月提高到满池水位，以防止在缩水区内能够生产大量种子的大量柳柳树生长。

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