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首页> 外文期刊>Stem cell reviews and Reports >Erase and Rewind: Epigenetic Conversion of Cell Fate
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Erase and Rewind: Epigenetic Conversion of Cell Fate

机译：擦除和倒带：细胞命运的表观遗传转化

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The potential of cell therapy in regenerative medicine has greatly expanded thanks to the availability of sources of pluripotent cells. In particular, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) have dominated the scenario in the last years for their ability to proliferate and differentiate into specific cell types. Nevertheless, the concerns inherent to the cell reprogramming process, limit iPS use in therapy and pose questions on the long-term behavior of these cells. In particular, despite the development of virus-free methods for their obtainment, a major and persisting drawback, is related to the acquisition of a stable pluripotent state, that is un-physiological and may lead to cell instability. The increased understanding of epigenetic mechanisms has paved the way to the use of "small molecules" and "epigenetic modifiers" that allow the fine tuning of cell genotype and phenotype. In particular, it was demonstrated that an adult mature cell could be directly converted into a different cell type with the use of these chemicals, obtaining a new patient-specific cell, suitable for cell therapy. This approach is simple and direct and may represent a very promising tool for the regenerative medicine of several and diverse degenerative diseases.
机译：得益于多能细胞的来源，再生医学中细胞疗法的潜力已大大扩展。特别是，诱导多能干细胞（iPS）在过去的几年中一直占据主导地位，原因是它们具有增殖和分化成特定细胞类型的能力。然而，细胞重编程过程所固有的担忧，限制了iPS在治疗中的使用以及对这些细胞的长期行为提出了疑问。特别地，尽管开发了用于获得它们的无病毒方法，但是主要且持续的缺点与获得稳定的多能状态有关，该状态是非生理性的并且可能导致细胞不稳定。对表观遗传机制的加深了解为使用“小分子”和“表观遗传修饰剂”铺平了道路，从而可以对细胞基因型和表型进行微调。特别地，证明了使用这些化学物质可以将成年成熟细胞直接转化为不同的细胞类型，从而获得适用于细胞疗法的新的患者特异性细胞。这种方法是简单直接的，对于几种和多种退行性疾病的再生医学而言，可能代表了非常有前途的工具。

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