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首页> 外文期刊>Biological chemistry >The intersection between viral oncolysis, drug resistance, and autophagy
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The intersection between viral oncolysis, drug resistance, and autophagy

机译：病毒溶瘤，耐药性和自噬之间的交集

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摘要

Resistance to both cytotoxic and targeted therapies is a major problem facing cancer treatment. The mechanisms of resistance to unrelated drugs share many common features, including up-regulation of detoxifying pathways, activation of pro-survival mechanisms, and ineffective induction of cell death. Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are promising biotherapeutics for cancer treatment that specifically replicate in and lyse cancer cells. In addition to direct viral lysis, the anti-tumor effects of OVs are mediated via innate and adaptive immune responses, and several adaptation mechanisms such as autophagy appear to contribute to their anti-tumor properties. Autophagy is a versatile pathway that plays a key role in cancer survival during stressful conditions such as starvation or cytotoxic drug challenges. Autophagy also plays a role in mediating innate and adaptive immune responses by contributing to antigen presentation and cytokine secretion. This role of autophagy in regulation of immune responses can be utilized to design therapeutic combinations using approaches that either stimulate or block autophagy to potentiate therapeutic efficacy of OVs. Additional studies are needed to determine optimal multimodal combination approaches that will facilitate future successful clinical implementation of OV-based therapies.
机译：对细胞毒性和靶向疗法的抗性是癌症治疗面临的主要问题。对无关药物的抗性机制具有许多共同特征，包括解毒途径的上调，促存活机制的激活以及细胞死亡的无效诱导。溶瘤病毒（OVs）是用于癌症治疗的有前途的生物疗法，可以在癌细胞中复制并裂解癌细胞。除直接病毒裂解外，OVs的抗肿瘤作用还通过先天性和适应性免疫反应介导，并且多种适应机制（例如自噬）似乎也有助于其抗肿瘤特性。自噬是一种通用途径，在诸如饥饿或细胞毒性药物挑战等压力条件下，对癌症的存活起关键作用。自噬通过促进抗原呈递和细胞因子的分泌，在介导先天性和适应性免疫反应中也发挥着作用。自噬在调节免疫反应中的这种作用可用于设计治疗组合，使用刺激或阻断自噬以增强OVs疗效的方法。需要进行更多的研究来确定最佳的多模式组合方法，这将有助于未来基于OV疗法的临床成功实施。

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