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Characterization and application of multiple genetic markers for Plasmodium malariae.

机译：疟原虫的多种遗传标记的表征和应用。

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摘要

Plasmodium malariae, a protozoan parasite that causes malaria in humans, has a global distribution in tropical and subtropical regions and is commonly found in sympatry with other Plasmodium species of humans. Little is known about the genetics or population structure of P. malariae. In the present study, we describe polymorphic genetic markers for P. malariae and present the first molecular epidemiological data for this parasite. Six microsatellite or minisatellite markers were validated using 76 P. malariae samples from a diverse geographical range. The repeat unit length varied from 2 to 17 bp, and up to 10 different alleles per locus were detected. Multiple genotypes of P. malariae were detected in 33 of 70 samples from humans with naturally acquired infection. Heterozygosity was calculated to be between 0.236 and 0.811. Allelic diversity was reduced for samples from South America and, at some loci, in samples from Thailand compared with those from Malawi. The number of unique multilocus genotypes defined using the 6 markers was significantly greater in Malawi than in Thailand, even when data from single genotype infections were used. There was a significant reduction in the multiplicity of infection in symptomatic infections compared with asymptomatic ones, suggesting that clinical episodes are usually caused by the expansion of a single genotype.
机译：疟原虫疟原虫是一种导致人类疟疾的原生动物寄生虫，在热带和亚热带地区具有全球分布，通常与人类其他疟原虫物种共存。关于疟原虫的遗传学或种群结构知之甚少。在本研究中，我们描述了疟原虫的多态性遗传标记，并提出了该寄生虫的第一个分子流行病学数据。使用来自不同地理范围的76个疟原虫样本验证了六个微卫星或微卫星标记。重复单位长度从2到17 bp不等，每个位点最多检测到10个不同的等位基因。在来自自然感染的人类的70个样本中，有33个样本检测到了多种基因型的疟疾。计算杂合度在0.236至0.811之间。与马拉维的样本相比，南美样本的样本和泰国样本的等位基因多样性有所降低。即使使用单一基因型感染的数据，马拉维使用这6种标记定义的独特多位点基因型的数量也大大高于泰国。与无症状感染相比，有症状感染的感染多样性显着降低，这表明临床发作通常是由单一基因型的扩展引起的。

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