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Puzzling and ambivalent roles of malarial infections in cancer development and progression

机译：疟疾感染在癌症发展和进展中的令人困惑和矛盾的作用

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Scientific evidence strongly suggests that parasites are directly or indirectly associated with carcinogenesis in humans. However, studies have also indicated that parasites or their products might confer resistance to tumour growth. Plasmodium protozoa, the causative agents of malaria, exemplify the ambivalent link between parasites and cancer. Positive relationships between malaria and virus-associated cancers are relatively well-documented; for example, malaria can reactivate the Epstein-Barr Virus, which is the known cause of endemic Burkitt lymphoma. Nevertheless, possible anti-tumour properties of malaria have also been reported and, interestingly, this disease has long been thought to be beneficial to patients suffering from cancers. Current knowledge of the potential pro- and anti-cancer roles of malaria suggests that, contrary to other eukaryotic parasites affecting humans, Plasmodium-related cancers are principally lymphoproliferative disorders and attributable to virus reactivation, whereas, similar to other eukaryotic parasites, the anti-tumour effects of malaria are primarily associated with carcinomas and certain sarcomas. Moreover, malarial infection significantly suppresses murine cancer growth by inducing both innate and specific adaptive anti-tumour responses. This review aims to present an update regarding the ambivalent association between malaria and cancer, and further studies may open future pathways to develop novel strategies for anti-cancer therapies.
机译：科学证据强烈表明，寄生虫与人类的癌变直接或间接相关。但是，研究还表明，寄生虫或其产物可能赋予对肿瘤生长的抵抗力。疟原虫是疟原虫，是寄生虫与癌症之间矛盾的纽带。疟疾和与病毒相关的癌症之间的积极关系已有相对充分的文献记载。例如，疟疾可以重新激活爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒，这是地方性伯基特淋巴瘤的已知病因。然而，也已经报道了疟疾的可能的抗肿瘤特性，有趣的是，长期以来一直认为该疾病对患有癌症的患者有益。目前对疟疾潜在的抗癌和抗癌作用的认识表明，与影响人类的其他真核寄生虫相反，疟原虫相关的癌症主要是淋巴增生性疾病，可归因于病毒的激活，而与其他真核寄生虫相似，抗疟原虫疟疾对肿瘤的影响主要与癌和某些肉瘤有关。此外，疟疾感染通过诱导先天性和特异性适应性抗肿瘤反应而显着抑制鼠类癌的生长。这篇综述旨在提供有关疟疾与癌症之间矛盾关系的最新信息，进一步的研究可能会为开发抗癌疗法的新策略开辟未来的途径。

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